Lansoprazole

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Generic Name of Lansoprazole - Learn More

Lansoprazole

Lansoprazole Precaution - What You Need to Know

Before initiating Lansoprazole, it is crucial for patients to consult their healthcare provider to ensure the medication is appropriate for their condition. Key precautions include:

- Hypersensitivity Reactions: Lansoprazole may cause hypersensitivity reactions such as rash, itching, or angioedema. In the event of a severe allergic reaction, patients should immediately discontinue the drug and seek medical help.
- Bone Fractures: Prolonged use of Lansoprazole (particularly for over a year) may increase the risk of osteoporosis-related bone fractures, especially in individuals with other risk factors like advanced age or corticosteroid use. Patients should discuss the benefits and risks of long-term use with their healthcare provider.
- Gastric Cancer: Chronic use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like Lansoprazole has been linked to an increased risk of gastric cancer. Though the risk is low, patients with a history of gastritis or Helicobacter pylori infection should be monitored for signs of gastrointestinal malignancy.
- Kidney Function: Lansoprazole may be contraindicated or require dosage adjustments in patients with severe renal impairment. Patients should report any signs of kidney dysfunction (such as changes in urination or swelling).
- C. difficile Infection: The use of PPIs like Lansoprazole can increase the risk of gastrointestinal infections, including Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). This should be considered when patients experience diarrhea, particularly if it is severe or prolonged.
- Low Magnesium: Long-term use of Lansoprazole may lead to hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels), which can result in muscle spasms, irregular heartbeat, or seizures. Regular monitoring of magnesium levels is recommended in patients who have been on prolonged therapy.

Lansoprazole Indication - Uses and Benefits

Lansoprazole is commonly prescribed for the treatment of conditions related to gastric acid production, including:

- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Lansoprazole is used to treat GERD by reducing stomach acid production, which helps alleviate symptoms like heartburn and acid reflux. It promotes healing of esophageal ulcers and inflammation caused by acid reflux.
- Peptic Ulcers: Lansoprazole is effective in promoting healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers by suppressing the acid that can irritate and damage the gastrointestinal lining.
- Helicobacter pylori Eradication: Lansoprazole is used in combination with antibiotics like amoxicillin and clarithromycin to eradicate H. pylori infection, which is a common cause of peptic ulcers.
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: This rare condition results in excessive stomach acid production. Lansoprazole is used to reduce acid output in patients with this condition, improving symptoms and preventing complications.
- NSAID-Induced Ulcers: Patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) who develop ulcers or are at high risk for ulcers can use Lansoprazole to prevent or treat these ulcers.
- Erosive Esophagitis: Lansoprazole is indicated for the treatment of erosive esophagitis caused by acid reflux, helping to promote healing of the esophageal lining.

Lansoprazole Contraindications - Important Warnings

Lansoprazole should not be used in the following situations:

- Hypersensitivity to Lansoprazole or Other PPIs: Any history of allergic reactions to Lansoprazole or any component of the formulation, or other proton pump inhibitors, would constitute a contraindication.
- Pregnancy: Lansoprazole falls under FDA Pregnancy Category C. While it is generally not recommended during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary, its potential benefits should be weighed against possible risks to the fetus. It is important for pregnant women to consult their healthcare provider before using Lansoprazole.
- Severe Liver Impairment: Lansoprazole should be avoided in individuals with severe hepatic impairment, as it is metabolized in the liver. In these patients, reduced dosage or alternative therapies may be considered.
- Concomitant Use with Clopidogrel: Lansoprazole may decrease the effectiveness of clopidogrel, an antiplatelet drug. For patients requiring both therapies, alternative proton pump inhibitors should be considered, or clopidogrel should be used with close monitoring.
- Hypomagnesemia or Vitamin B12 Deficiency: If a patient has low magnesium levels or vitamin B12 deficiency, careful monitoring is required, as prolonged Lansoprazole use can exacerbate these conditions.

Lansoprazole Side Effects - What to Expect

Lansoprazole can cause both common and serious side effects. Common side effects include:

- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Nausea or vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Constipation
- Flatulence (gas)

Serious side effects, although less common, include:

- Severe Allergic Reactions: Symptoms like swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat and difficulty breathing, which could be indicative of an anaphylactic reaction.
- Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) Infection: Long-term use of Lansoprazole has been associated with an increased risk of C. difficile-associated diarrhea, which can cause severe diarrhea and abdominal cramps.
- Bone Fractures: Prolonged use may lead to a higher risk of bone fractures, particularly in the hip, wrist, or spine.
- Low Magnesium: Long-term use can lead to hypomagnesemia, which can cause muscle spasms, irregular heartbeat, or seizures.
- Liver Dysfunction: Symptoms of liver problems include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), dark urine, and unexplained fatigue.
- Kidney Issues: Lansoprazole can sometimes cause acute kidney injury, which may manifest as changes in urination, swelling, or fatigue.
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Prolonged use of Lansoprazole can reduce vitamin B12 absorption, leading to a deficiency. This can result in fatigue, weakness, and neurological issues.

Lansoprazole Pregnancy Category ID - Safety Information

2

Lansoprazole Mode of Action - How It Works

Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that works by inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme (also known as the proton pump) located in the stomach lining. This enzyme is responsible for the final step in the production of gastric acid. By blocking this enzyme, Lansoprazole reduces the secretion of stomach acid, thereby decreasing acid reflux and promoting healing of ulcerated tissues in conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers.

The reduction in stomach acidity also helps in the eradication of H. pylori, a bacterium involved in the formation of ulcers. Additionally, Lansoprazole can aid in the treatment of erosive esophagitis by reducing acid damage to the esophagus.

Lansoprazole Drug Interactions - What to Avoid

Lansoprazole can interact with a number of drugs, potentially altering their effects or increasing the risk of side effects:

- Clopidogrel: Lansoprazole may reduce the effectiveness of clopidogrel, a blood-thinning medication, by inhibiting its activation. It is recommended to avoid this combination unless no alternatives are available.
- Methotrexate: Lansoprazole can increase the blood levels of methotrexate, leading to an increased risk of toxicity. In patients taking high-dose methotrexate, Lansoprazole should be used with caution or avoided.
- Diazepam: Lansoprazole may increase the serum concentration of diazepam, a benzodiazepine, potentially enhancing its sedative effects and increasing the risk of side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness.
- Warfarin: Lansoprazole may interact with warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding due to potential alterations in warfarin metabolism. Patients should be monitored closely for signs of bleeding and required international normalized ratio (INR) adjustments.
- Antifungal Medications: Ketoconazole and itraconazole, both azole antifungals, require acidic environments for absorption. Lansoprazole, by decreasing stomach acidity, can reduce the bioavailability of these medications, rendering them less effective.
- Iron Supplements: Lansoprazole may reduce the absorption of iron supplements due to decreased gastric acidity. Iron deficiency may occur if Lansoprazole is taken alongside iron over extended periods.
- Tacrolimus: Lansoprazole can increase the blood concentration of tacrolimus, a medication used in organ transplant patients, leading to a higher risk of toxicity.

Lansoprazole Adult Dose - Recommended Dosage

The recommended adult dose of Lansoprazole depends on the condition being treated:

- GERD: 15 mg to 30 mg once daily for 4 to 8 weeks, depending on the severity of symptoms. For maintenance, 15 mg daily may be continued.
- Peptic Ulcers: 30 mg once daily for 4 to 8 weeks.
- H. pylori Eradication: Typically, Lansoprazole is combined with two antibiotics, such as clarithromycin and amoxicillin, for a 10-14 day regimen.
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: The starting dose may be higher, typically 60 mg twice daily, and adjusted based on response.

Lansoprazole Child Dose - Dosage for Children

The dosage for children depends on the condition being treated, age, and weight. For children aged 1 year and older:

- GERD or Peptic Ulcers: Doses typically range from 15 mg to 30 mg once daily, with adjustments based on the child’s response.
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: The dosage is generally based on weight, with a starting dose of around 30 mg once or twice daily, increasing as needed.

In all cases, dosing for pediatric patients should be done under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Final Note:
Lansoprazole is an effective treatment for conditions caused by excessive stomach acid, such as GERD and peptic ulcers. However, it is important that patients consult their healthcare provider before starting therapy, especially if they have any underlying medical conditions. Regular follow-up appointments and appropriate monitoring for side effects such as bone health, kidney function, and magnesium levels are essential for long-term users.

Lansoprazole Renal Dose - Dosage for Kidney Conditions

Lansoprazole is primarily metabolized by the liver, and renal impairment does not typically require dose adjustments. However, patients with severe renal impairment should be monitored for any potential side effects, especially if the medication is used long-term.