Gastric Hyperacidity

Overview Of Gastric Hyperacidity

Gastric hyperacidity, commonly known as acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, leading to irritation and discomfort.

Causes of Gastric Hyperacidity

• - Overproduction of Stomach Acid: Excessive acid production can overwhelm the stomach's capacity to neutralize it. - Dietary Factors: Consuming spicy, oily, or acidic foods can trigger acid production. - Lifestyle Factors: Stress, irregular eating habits, and lying down after meals can contribute to acid reflux. - Medical Conditions: Infections like Helicobacter pylori, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and other gastrointestinal disorders can lead to increased stomach acid levels.

Risk Factors of Gastric Hyperacidity

• - Obesity: Excess weight can increase abdominal pressure, promoting acid reflux. - Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and increased abdominal pressure during pregnancy can lead to acid reflux. - Smoking: Smoking relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing acid to enter the esophagus. - Medications: Certain drugs, including NSAIDs, can irritate the stomach lining and increase acid production.

Prevention of Gastric Hyperacidity

• - Dietary Adjustments: Limiting intake of spicy, fatty, and acidic foods. - Lifestyle Changes: Avoiding lying down immediately after meals and quitting smoking. - Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce abdominal pressure.

Prognosis of Gastric Hyperacidity

• With appropriate treatment and lifestyle changes, most individuals experience relief from symptoms. However, if left untreated, chronic acid reflux can lead to complications such as esophageal ulcers, strictures, or Barrett's esophagus.

Complications of Gastric Hyperacidity

• - Esophagitis: Inflammation of the esophagus lining. - Esophageal Stricture: Narrowing of the esophagus due to scarring. - Barrett's Esophagus: Pre-cancerous changes in the esophageal lining. - Dental Erosion: Acid can erode tooth enamel.

Related Diseases of Gastric Hyperacidity

• - Peptic Ulcer Disease: Sores in the stomach lining caused by excessive acid. - Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining. - Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: A rare condition causing tumors that increase acid production.

Treatment of Gastric Hyperacidity

- **Lifestyle Modifications**: - Eating smaller, more frequent meals. - Avoiding trigger foods and beverages. - Elevating the head of the bed. - Maintaining a healthy weight. - **Medications**: - Antacids to neutralize stomach acid. - H2-receptor antagonists to reduce acid production. - Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for more severe cases. - Prokinetic agents to enhance esophageal motility.