Roxithromycin

Welcome to Dwaey, specifically on Roxithromycin page.
This medicine contains important and useful components, as it consists of
Roxithromycin is available in the market in concentration.

Generic Name of Roxithromycin - Learn More

Roxithromycin

Roxithromycin Precaution - What You Need to Know

Before initiating treatment with roxithromycin, patients must consult with their healthcare provider to ensure its suitability for their specific health condition. The following precautions should be taken into account:

- Liver impairment: Roxithromycin is metabolized by the liver, and patients with pre-existing liver conditions (such as cirrhosis or hepatitis) may experience slower drug metabolism, increasing the risk of adverse effects. Liver function should be monitored during treatment.
- Kidney impairment: Although roxithromycin is primarily metabolized by the liver, patients with severe renal impairment may need dosage adjustments. Kidney function should be assessed before starting treatment.
- Allergic reactions: If a patient is allergic to macrolide antibiotics, including roxithromycin, they should not use this medication. Signs of an allergic reaction may include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing, and require immediate medical attention.
- QT interval prolongation: Roxithromycin can cause prolongation of the QT interval, which may lead to serious heart rhythm disturbances (arrhythmias). Patients with a history of heart disease, arrhythmias, or electrolyte imbalances should use roxithromycin with caution.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Roxithromycin should only be used during pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risks. It is considered safe for use during breastfeeding, but a healthcare provider should be consulted to ensure it is the best choice for the mother and infant.
- Drug interactions: Roxithromycin may interact with other medications, such as those that affect liver enzymes, or those that prolong the QT interval. It is essential to inform the healthcare provider about all medications being taken to avoid adverse interactions.

Patients should be carefully monitored during treatment with roxithromycin to ensure safety and minimize potential risks.

Roxithromycin Indication - Uses and Benefits

Roxithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Its indications include:

- Respiratory infections: Roxithromycin is commonly used to treat infections such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and pharyngitis (sore throat) caused by susceptible bacteria.
- Skin and soft tissue infections: It is effective against skin infections, including cellulitis and impetigo, caused by certain types of bacteria.
- Ear infections: Roxithromycin is often prescribed for middle ear infections (otitis media) caused by bacteria.
- Sexually transmitted infections: It is used to treat certain sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia, when caused by susceptible organisms.
- Sinusitis: Roxithromycin can help treat bacterial sinus infections (sinusitis) by inhibiting bacterial growth.

Roxithromycin works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, helping to control bacterial growth and infection.

Roxithromycin Contraindications - Important Warnings

Roxithromycin should not be used in the following situations:

- Hypersensitivity: Patients who have a known allergy to roxithromycin or other macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin) should not take this medication.
- Severe liver impairment: Roxithromycin is metabolized by the liver, and patients with severe liver dysfunction or active liver disease should avoid this medication.
- History of QT interval prolongation: As roxithromycin can prolong the QT interval, it is contraindicated in patients with a history of prolonged QT syndrome or arrhythmias.
- Concomitant use with certain drugs: Roxithromycin should not be used with drugs that prolong the QT interval (e.g., antiarrhythmic drugs) or certain other medications that affect liver enzyme metabolism, as this can increase the risk of severe heart arrhythmias or adverse reactions.

Patients should consult with their healthcare provider to ensure that roxithromycin is appropriate for their condition, especially if they have underlying health concerns.

Roxithromycin Side Effects - What to Expect

Roxithromycin is generally well-tolerated, but some side effects can occur. Common and severe side effects include:

- Common side effects:
- Gastrointestinal issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal discomfort are common and usually mild.
- Headache: A mild headache may occur, but it typically resolves on its own.
- Dizziness: Some patients may experience dizziness or lightheadedness while on this medication.

- Serious side effects:
- Allergic reactions: Rash, itching, or swelling, particularly of the face or throat, may indicate an allergic reaction. Immediate medical attention is required.
- Liver toxicity: Rarely, roxithromycin can cause liver dysfunction, including jaundice and elevated liver enzymes. Liver function tests should be monitored during long-term use.
- QT prolongation and arrhythmias: Roxithromycin may cause prolongation of the QT interval, leading to abnormal heart rhythms. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions or electrolyte imbalances are at increased risk.
- Severe gastrointestinal issues: In rare cases, roxithromycin may lead to severe diarrhea or colitis (inflammation of the colon) due to overgrowth of Clostridium difficile bacteria.
- Hearing loss: High doses or prolonged use may cause reversible hearing loss in some patients, especially in those with preexisting ear conditions.

Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they experience severe side effects, such as allergic reactions or signs of liver problems.

Roxithromycin Pregnancy Category ID - Safety Information

2

Roxithromycin Mode of Action - How It Works

Roxithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of bacteria, preventing them from producing proteins necessary for their growth and survival. As a result, roxithromycin stops bacterial replication, allowing the immune system to eliminate the infection. It is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including Gram-positive cocci (e.g., *Streptococcus*), Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., *Haemophilus influenzae*), and certain atypical pathogens (e.g., *Chlamydia trachomatis*).

This action makes roxithromycin useful in treating respiratory, skin, and urinary tract infections, as well as certain sexually transmitted diseases.

Roxithromycin Drug Interactions - What to Avoid

Roxithromycin can interact with other drugs, which may alter its effectiveness or increase the risk of adverse effects:

- CYP450 inhibitors: Drugs that inhibit the cytochrome P450 enzyme system (such as ketoconazole or ritonavir) can increase the blood concentration of roxithromycin, raising the risk of toxicity.
- Drugs that prolong the QT interval: Combining roxithromycin with other medications that prolong the QT interval, such as antiarrhythmic drugs or some antidepressants, increases the risk of arrhythmias.
- Antacids: Antacids containing magnesium or aluminum may reduce the absorption of roxithromycin. It is recommended to space out the administration of antacids and roxithromycin by at least two hours.
- Warfarin: Roxithromycin may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Regular monitoring of INR (International Normalized Ratio) is recommended for patients taking both drugs.
- Cyclosporine: Concurrent use with cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive drug, may increase the blood concentration of cyclosporine, increasing the risk of nephrotoxicity.

Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are currently taking to avoid harmful drug interactions.

Roxithromycin Adult Dose - Recommended Dosage

The recommended adult dose of roxithromycin varies depending on the infection being treated:

- For respiratory tract infections (e.g., pneumonia, bronchitis): The typical dose is 150 mg to 300 mg once daily, or divided into two doses per day (75 mg twice daily), for 5 to 10 days.
- For skin and soft tissue infections: The usual dose is 150 mg to 300 mg once daily or in two divided doses for 7 to 10 days.
- For sexually transmitted infections (e.g., chlamydia): The recommended dose is typically 150 mg twice daily for 7 days.
- For ear infections (otitis media): The usual dose is 150 mg to 300 mg daily for 5 to 10 days.

The dosage may vary based on the severity of the infection and the patient's response to treatment.

Roxithromycin Child Dose - Dosage for Children

Roxithromycin can be used in pediatric patients under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Dosing is typically based on the child’s weight and the type of infection:

- For children aged 6 months to 12 years: The usual dose is 5 mg per kg of body weight, given once daily or in two divided doses, depending on the infection. For more severe infections, the dose may be increased to 10 mg per kg once daily.
- For children over 12 years: The adult dosing regimen of 150 mg to 300 mg daily can be used, depending on the infection.

The safety and efficacy of roxithromycin in children under 6 months have not been well established, so its use is generally not recommended in infants

this young.

As with all medications, patients should consult their healthcare provider before starting treatment with roxithromycin, especially for pediatric use or when dealing with special health considerations.

Roxithromycin Renal Dose - Dosage for Kidney Conditions

Roxithromycin is primarily metabolized by the liver, and its renal excretion is minimal. However, caution should be taken when administering this medication to patients with severe renal impairment:

- Mild to moderate renal impairment: No significant dose adjustments are necessary for patients with mild to moderate kidney dysfunction (creatinine clearance >30 mL/min).
- Severe renal impairment: In patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min), roxithromycin should be used cautiously, and monitoring for potential toxicity is advised.

Consultation with a healthcare provider is essential for adjusting doses in individuals with renal issues.