50% w/v DEXTROSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P. Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Dextroseis available in the market in concentration

Name

Dextrose

Precaution

Diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance Renal impairment, due to risk of fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance Congestive heart failure or conditions predisposing to fluid retention Cerebral edema, as hypotonic solutions may worsen intracranial pressure Monitor blood glucose levels, especially in patients on insulin or other hypoglycemics. In neonates, rapid infusions can lead to hyperglycemia or fluid overload. Avoid prolonged use without appropriate electrolytes (can cause dilutional effects). Ensure aseptic technique when using injectable forms to avoid infections.

Indication

Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) Dehydration, particularly with glucose-electrolyte imbalances Nutritional support in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) Diluent for IV medications Emergency energy source in unconscious or fasting patients Ketosis prevention in patients unable to eat

Contra indication

Known hypersensitivity to dextrose or corn products Hyperglycemia or uncontrolled diabetes Anuria (complete kidney failure) or severe renal impairment without dialysis Intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage, due to fluid shift risks Delirium tremens with dehydration Hypokalemia or hyponatremia, unless supplemented with appropriate electrolytes

Side Effect

Hyperglycemia, especially in diabetic or insulin-sensitive patients Fluid overload or pulmonary edema, particularly with excessive or rapid IV infusion Electrolyte disturbances (hypokalemia, hyponatremia) if not supplemented properly Phlebitis or vein irritation at infusion site Rarely: hypersensitivity reactions (rash, fever, or anaphylaxis) Osmotic diuresis with excessive glucose administration

Pregnancy Category ID

Information not available

Mode of Action

Dextrose is a simple monosaccharide (D-glucose) that serves as a primary energy source. It is rapidly absorbed and utilized in: Cellular metabolism (via glycolysis and the Krebs cycle) ATP production for energy-dependent cellular processes Maintaining blood glucose levels In IV fluids, it promotes water absorption and provides calories to prevent catabolism, especially in patients unable to eat.

Interaction

May reduce the effectiveness of insulin or oral antidiabetics due to raised blood glucose. Use cautiously with corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, or sympathomimetics (all can induce hyperglycemia). May increase risk of fluid overload with NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, or lithium. Avoid co-administration with blood transfusions through the same line due to risk of hemolysis or clumping.

Pregnancy Category Note

Category C (Injectable forms): No controlled studies in humans, but animal studies show potential risk. Use only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh risks. Generally considered safe during pregnancy when used appropriately (e.g., in IV fluids or glucose tolerance tests). Monitor glucose levels carefully in gestational diabetes or preeclampsia.

Adult Dose

Hypoglycemia (IV): 25–50 mL of Dextrose 50% (D50W) solution IV push Maintenance fluid (IV): 5% dextrose in water (D5W) at rates depending on fluid requirement Total parenteral nutrition (TPN): Customized, typically 100–200 g/day depending on caloric needs

Child Dose

Hypoglycemia: Neonates: 0.2–0.5 g/kg IV (use D10W) Children: 0.5–1 g/kg IV (use D25W) Maintenance fluids: D5W or D10W used in standard pediatric IV therapy, volume based on weight and fluid needs

Renal Dose

No specific dose adjustment for Dextrose alone. Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance in renal impairment to prevent fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance. In dialysis patients, monitor closely due to reduced clearance of glucose and risk of hyperglycemia.

Administration

Oral: For mild hypoglycemia or energy supplementation Intravenous: Peripheral or central lines depending on concentration (≥10% typically via central line) Ensure compatibility with other medications and infusates Rate: Based on clinical need, patient weight, glucose tolerance, and comorbidities Monitoring: Regular blood glucose, serum electrolytes, and fluid balance assessments