DEFOSALIC Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Salicylic acid/Betamethasoneis available in the market in concentration

Name

Anhydrous Glucose + Potassium Chloride + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Bicarbonate

Precaution

- Use cautiously in patients with renal impairment, heart failure, or hypertension due to the risk of electrolyte imbalance and fluid overload. - Monitor serum electrolytes regularly during treatment to avoid hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, and metabolic alkalosis, especially in patients with pre-existing conditions like kidney disease or cardiac disorders. - Patients with diabetes should be monitored closely, as glucose administration may cause hyperglycemia. - It is important to assess the patient’s fluid status and avoid fluid overload in individuals with compromised renal or cardiac function. - Avoid the administration in patients with severe dehydration or circulatory failure unless fluid balance is adequately restored. - Caution is needed in individuals with a history of gastrointestinal diseases such as peptic ulcer disease, as sodium bicarbonate can lead to gastric irritation or electrolyte disturbances. - Long-term or excessive use may lead to metabolic alkalosis due to bicarbonate accumulation. - Adjust the dose based on the patient’s medical history and clinical condition to avoid any adverse effects.

Indication

- Anhydrous Glucose, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Chloride, and Sodium Bicarbonate combination is used to treat or prevent dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and metabolic acidosis. - It is often indicated in cases of diarrhea, vomiting, or other conditions that result in fluid and electrolyte loss. - Used in patients recovering from surgery or trauma to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance. - Indicated for the treatment of hypokalemia and hyponatremia when oral supplementation is not possible. - This combination is also used to replenish sodium and potassium in cases of heat exhaustion or heat stroke where significant fluid loss has occurred. - It is indicated for rehydration therapy and the correction of acid-base disturbances caused by excessive fluid loss.

Contra indication

- Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to any of the components, particularly glucose, potassium, sodium, or bicarbonate. - Should not be used in patients with severe renal impairment (e.g., anuria) due to the inability to excrete potassium or sodium properly. - Contraindicated in patients with hyperkalemia or hypernatremia, as the additional potassium and sodium may worsen these conditions. - Not recommended in patients with heart failure or severe cardiac conditions, as the electrolyte imbalances can worsen arrhythmias or fluid overload. - Contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled diabetes, especially in severe cases where glucose may significantly elevate blood sugar levels. - Should not be used in patients with metabolic alkalosis or conditions where bicarbonate administration is contraindicated (e.g., respiratory or renal alkalosis).

Side Effect

- **Hyperkalemia**: Elevated potassium levels can lead to symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, arrhythmias, or even cardiac arrest. - **Hypernatremia**: Excess sodium may cause high blood pressure, fluid retention, and in extreme cases, seizures. - **Metabolic alkalosis**: Overuse or rapid administration of sodium bicarbonate may lead to alkalosis, causing symptoms like dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. - **Hyperglycemia**: Due to the presence of glucose, some patients may experience elevated blood sugar levels, especially if they have diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. - **Dehydration**: Fluid shifts from intravenous rehydration can occasionally cause dehydration if not monitored properly. - **Gastrointestinal irritation**: Nausea, bloating, and abdominal discomfort may occur due to the sodium bicarbonate content, especially in patients with sensitive stomachs or a history of GI issues. - **Electrolyte imbalances**: Other electrolyte disturbances, such as hypokalemia or hyponatremia, could arise if the drug is not used properly. - **Hypotension**: In rare cases, fluid and electrolyte shifts could lead to low blood pressure, dizziness, or fainting.

Pregnancy Category ID

0

Mode of Action

- **Anhydrous Glucose**: Provides energy by promoting glucose metabolism, aiding in restoring normal blood glucose levels and supporting cellular functions. - **Potassium Chloride**: Helps restore potassium levels in the body, which is essential for normal cell function, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction. - **Sodium Chloride**: Works to maintain osmotic balance and correct sodium deficiencies, which is crucial for maintaining normal blood pressure, fluid balance, and nerve function. - **Sodium Bicarbonate**: Functions to correct metabolic acidosis by increasing the pH of the blood, neutralizing excess acid, and helping restore normal acid-base balance in the body. - The combination of these electrolytes and glucose provides a synergistic approach to correcting multiple deficiencies, promoting hydration, and restoring electrolyte balance while preventing further acid-base disturbances. - This combination therapy supports the body’s natural fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, addressing the body’s need for glucose, potassium, sodium, and bicarbonate to maintain optimal cellular and metabolic function.

Interaction

- **Diuretics (e.g., thiazides, loop diuretics)**: May enhance the risk of electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia and hyperkalemia. Monitor electrolyte levels carefully. - **ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)**: These medications can increase potassium levels. Caution is advised when combining with potassium chloride. - **Corticosteroids**: May reduce the potassium levels in the body, increasing the risk of hypokalemia. Potassium supplementation may be needed. - **Lithium**: The combination of sodium and potassium with lithium can alter lithium levels, increasing the risk of lithium toxicity. Regular monitoring of lithium levels is essential. - **Other electrolyte supplements**: Co-administration of other potassium or sodium supplements may lead to an increased risk of hyperkalemia or hypernatremia. - **Alkaline medications (e.g., sodium bicarbonate, antacids)**: Co-administration with bicarbonate-containing medications may potentiate the risk of metabolic alkalosis.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

- The dosage varies based on the severity of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, and should be tailored to the individual's needs. - **For rehydration**: Administer 500 mL to 1 L of solution (depending on severity) over the first few hours, with adjustments based on response and clinical status. - **For electrolyte replacement**: Potassium Chloride: 20-40 mEq may be administered daily, depending on levels. Sodium Chloride: Administer up to 3-5 g/day based on individual needs. Sodium Bicarbonate: Typically 1-2 g per day for mild acidosis, higher doses may be required in more severe cases. - **For metabolic acidosis**: Sodium bicarbonate can be administered in 1-2 g doses every 4-6 hours until the blood pH and bicarbonate levels normalize.

Child Dose

- **For dehydration**: The dosage should be adjusted based on age, weight, and the severity of dehydration. Typically, children may require between 10-20 mL/kg per hour of oral or intravenous solution, depending on clinical needs. - **For electrolyte replacement**: - Potassium Chloride: 1-2 mEq/kg/day, divided into 2-3 doses depending on serum potassium levels. - Sodium Chloride: 1-2 mEq/kg/day, divided into 2-3 doses. - Sodium Bicarbonate: 0.5-1 mEq/kg every 2-4 hours for severe acidosis, based on serum bicarbonate levels and clinical monitoring. - **For metabolic acidosis**: In cases of metabolic acidosis, dosing with sodium bicarbonate should be based on laboratory findings (serum bicarbonate and pH). A typical starting dose might be 0.5 mEq/kg every 2 hours. Monitoring of bicarbonate levels is essential.

Renal Dose

- **Renal impairment**: In patients with mild to moderate renal impairment, it is important to monitor electrolytes and adjust dosing as required. In cases of severe renal impairment (e.g., creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min), use with extreme caution or avoid due to the risk of hyperkalemia and fluid overload. - The dose of potassium chloride should be reduced or adjusted in accordance with the patient's potassium levels, while sodium bicarbonate dosing should be closely monitored to prevent metabolic alkalosis. - Patients with anuria or oliguria should receive fluid and electrolyte therapy under strict medical supervision, with careful monitoring of serum potassium, sodium, and bicarbonate levels.

Administration

Information not available