(Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v Solution for infusion

What is (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Baxter Glucose 10% w/v is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution of glucose in water, intended for intravenous infusion. It is presented in 500 ml Viaflo bags and commonly supplied in packs of 20 units. This isotonic solution serves as a vital carbohydrate source, providing calories and fluid for patients unable to maintain adequate oral intake. It is particularly useful in treating hypoglycemia, dehydration with carbohydrate depletion, or as part of parenteral nutrition protocols in hospital settings.

• Composition: Each 100 ml contains 10 g of glucose.
• Form: Solution for infusion (clear, colorless).
• Route of administration: Intravenous (IV) infusion via peripheral or central vein.
• Manufacturer: Baxter, a trusted name in sterile medical products.
• Packaging: 500 ml per Viaflo bag, usually supplied in cartons of 20 bags.

The 10% glucose concentration offers a moderate osmolar load, making it suitable for short-term caloric supplementation and fluid replenishment under careful monitoring. This formulation is free from added electrolytes, which allows clinicians to adjust the therapy based on the individual patient’s electrolyte status.

How to use (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Baxter Glucose 10% w/v must be used strictly under medical supervision and administered intravenously. It is essential to assess each patient’s fluid, electrolyte, and glucose needs before initiating infusion.

• Preparation: Inspect the Viaflo bag for clarity, particulate matter, or leakage. Do not use if the solution is discolored or the container is damaged.
• Connection: Connect using a sterile infusion set. Prime the line to prevent air embolism.
• Infusion site: May be infused through a peripheral or central vein, depending on infusion rate and patient condition.
• Rate of administration: The infusion rate must be adjusted according to the patient’s clinical status, age, weight, and comorbidities. Typical adult rates range between 1.5–3 L/day, depending on caloric and fluid needs.
• Monitoring: Regularly monitor blood glucose levels, serum electrolytes, fluid balance, and renal function during administration.
• Pediatric use: Use with extreme caution in neonates or infants; ensure strict regulation of infusion volume and rate to avoid hyperglycemia or fluid overload.

It is also essential to avoid rapid infusion in patients at risk of glucose intolerance or osmotic diuresis. Any unused portion of the solution should be discarded after a single use.

Mode of Action (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Glucose, the active ingredient in Baxter Glucose 10% w/v, is a primary energy substrate for cells throughout the human body. When administered intravenously, glucose bypasses the gastrointestinal tract and directly enters the bloodstream, making it an effective emergency carbohydrate source.

• Cellular uptake: Glucose enters cells via facilitated diffusion through glucose transporters (GLUT), mainly regulated by insulin.
• Metabolism: Inside the cell, glucose undergoes glycolysis, converting into pyruvate and yielding ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the cell’s energy currency.
• Energy provision: Glucose oxidation provides immediate energy, especially for high-demand organs such as the brain, liver, and muscles.
• Protein-sparing effect: By providing an alternative energy source, glucose helps preserve muscle protein and prevents catabolism.
• Hydration role: As part of a solution, it also aids in rehydrating patients, especially when fluid loss is associated with carbohydrate depletion.

This solution also has osmotic activity, drawing fluid into the intravascular space, which can influence fluid dynamics in patients with dehydration. However, high osmolarity must be carefully monitored to avoid osmotic imbalances, especially in patients with renal impairment.

(Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v Interactions (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Although Baxter Glucose 10% w/v is generally safe, it may interact with certain drugs or clinical conditions. Awareness of these potential interactions is critical for optimal patient safety.

• Insulin and oral hypoglycemics: Co-administration may cause significant hypoglycemia. Blood glucose monitoring is essential.
• Diuretics: Loop and thiazide diuretics may exacerbate electrolyte imbalances when glucose solutions are administered without concurrent electrolyte replacement.
• Corticosteroids: May raise blood glucose levels, reducing the efficacy of infused glucose and altering fluid balance.
• Other IV drugs: Avoid mixing glucose solutions with other medications unless compatibility is confirmed. Chemical interactions can result in precipitation or inactivation.
• Electrolyte-free formulation: When used without added electrolytes, caution is advised if the patient is already receiving medications that affect sodium, potassium, or magnesium levels.

The solution's glucose content can also affect laboratory results (e.g., falsely elevated readings in glucose oxidase-based assays). It should be used cautiously in patients receiving medications that impact carbohydrate metabolism, such as β-blockers or antidiabetic drugs.

Dosage of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

The dosage of Baxter Glucose 10% w/v must be individualized based on the patient’s age, weight, clinical status, and metabolic needs. It is typically administered intravenously as a continuous infusion.

• Adults: The usual daily dose ranges from 1000 to 3000 ml, providing 100–300 grams of glucose. The infusion rate should not exceed the body’s glucose oxidation rate (generally 5–7 mg/kg/min).
• Pediatrics: Infants and children should receive dosage based on body weight and clinical condition. The maximum tolerated rate may vary from 8–12 mg/kg/min in neonates to 5–10 mg/kg/min in children.
• Geriatric patients: Use with caution; reduced dose may be necessary due to diminished renal function or cardiovascular compromise.
• Parenteral nutrition: When used as part of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), glucose should be balanced with amino acids, lipids, electrolytes, and trace elements.
• Monitoring: Frequent monitoring of glucose levels, electrolytes, and fluid balance is essential to avoid hyperglycemia or fluid overload.

Dosage should be adjusted according to ongoing losses, metabolic demands, and response to therapy. Avoid rapid infusion to reduce the risk of osmotic diuresis and hyperglycemia.

Possible side effects of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

While generally well tolerated, Baxter Glucose 10% w/v may cause side effects, particularly if infused rapidly or in large volumes without proper monitoring.

• Common side effects:
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Local site irritation or phlebitis
  • Fluid overload, especially in renal or cardiac impairment
• Serious side effects:
  • Electrolyte disturbances (e.g., hyponatremia, hypokalemia)
  • Osmotic diuresis leading to dehydration
  • Pulmonary or peripheral edema
  • Lactic acidosis (rare, in patients with impaired glucose metabolism)
• In neonates: Risk of hyperglycemia, intracranial hemorrhage, or retinopathy of prematurity due to rapid infusion or high volume.

All adverse effects can be minimized through controlled infusion rates and regular clinical monitoring. Any unexpected symptoms during infusion should prompt immediate medical assessment.

(Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v Contraindications (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Baxter Glucose 10% w/v should not be used in certain medical situations where glucose administration or high-volume IV fluids could pose significant risk.

• Known hypersensitivity to glucose or any components of the solution.
• Hyperglycemia not adequately controlled by insulin or oral hypoglycemics.
• Diabetic coma (when glucose-free fluids are indicated).
• Intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage—risk of exacerbating cerebral edema with hypotonic solutions.
• Anuria or severe renal impairment without dialysis—risk of fluid overload and accumulation of glucose.
• Uncompensated heart failure or pulmonary congestion—risk of circulatory overload.

Use caution in patients with known carbohydrate intolerance or glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome. The solution should never be used as a vehicle for drugs with known incompatibilities.

Storage of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Proper storage of Baxter Glucose 10% w/v is crucial to maintain its sterility, stability, and therapeutic effectiveness.

• Temperature: Store at controlled room temperature (15°C to 25°C). Avoid extreme temperatures.
• Light protection: No specific light protection required, but store in the original packaging until use to protect the bag from physical damage.
• Handling: Do not freeze. Freezing may compromise the integrity of the bag and affect solution homogeneity.
• Inspection before use: Check the solution for clarity and the container for leaks or damage. Do not use if the solution is cloudy or contains particulate matter.
• After opening: Baxter Viaflo bags are designed for single-use only. Discard any unused portion after infusion.

Always follow local hospital policies and product-specific storage instructions outlined by the manufacturer. Avoid storing near heat sources, in direct sunlight, or in environments prone to contamination.