(Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v Solution for infusion

What is (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

(Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution intended for intravenous administration. It contains glucose monohydrate equivalent to 10% w/v of glucose, dissolved in water for injections. Supplied in 1000 ml Viaflo plastic bags, this hypertonic solution is primarily used as a source of calories and fluid in patients who are unable to take food or fluids orally. It is commonly administered in hospital settings under medical supervision.

• Formulation: Glucose 10% in water for injection
• Packaging: 1000 ml x 10 Viaflo Bags
• Purpose: Provides fluid replacement and energy through carbohydrate (glucose) supplementation
• Common Uses: Treats hypoglycemia, dehydration, and serves as a diluent for compatible medications
• Classification: Intravenous solution for infusion, energy supplement

This solution should not be confused with medications containing active pharmaceuticals like paracetamol or caffeine, despite being mistakenly labeled in that category. It does not contain analgesics or stimulants and serves a metabolic, rather than symptomatic, role in treatment protocols.

How to use (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Administration of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v is done intravenously, and its use should always be supervised by healthcare professionals. It is particularly useful when oral or enteral feeding is not feasible, and when there is a need to manage fluid balance or provide caloric support.

• Route of administration: Intravenous infusion using sterile equipment
• Infusion rate: Based on patient’s clinical condition, body weight, and glucose tolerance. Typically ranges between 0.5 to 1.5 ml/kg/hour for adults.
• Duration: Varies depending on therapeutic need; continuous infusion may be used in parenteral nutrition setups
• Monitoring: Regular blood glucose, fluid status, and electrolyte levels must be monitored to prevent complications like hyperglycemia or fluid overload
• Preparation: Solution should be visually inspected for particulates or discoloration before use; do not use if cloudy or leaking

This solution is not meant for bolus injection. Aseptic technique must be followed to maintain sterility. It is often administered using infusion pumps for controlled delivery.

Mode of Action (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Glucose is a monosaccharide that serves as the primary energy source for cellular metabolism. When administered via infusion, Glucose 10% w/v delivers immediate energy to cells, especially in critically ill patients or those with limited oral intake.

• Primary Action: Acts as a metabolic substrate, supplying energy for cellular functions including respiration, protein synthesis, and cell division
• Absorption: Directly enters the bloodstream and is rapidly distributed to tissues
• Utilization: Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate and enters glycolysis or glycogenesis depending on metabolic needs
• Organ Involvement: Major uptake in liver, brain, and muscles where it is used for ATP production
• Additional Effects: Helps maintain osmolar balance and can induce diuresis in certain clinical scenarios

Glucose infusion helps prevent catabolism of proteins and fats in patients with insufficient caloric intake, thus preserving lean body mass and promoting recovery.

(Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v Interactions (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

While (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v is generally safe, its use can interact with several medications and physiological states. As a metabolic agent, glucose may influence the pharmacokinetics or dynamics of drugs metabolized through glucose-dependent pathways.

• Insulin: Co-administration may necessitate dosage adjustments due to risk of hypoglycemia
• Diuretics (e.g., furosemide): May affect fluid balance and electrolyte handling, increasing the risk of hypokalemia or hyperglycemia
• Electrolyte solutions: May require careful monitoring of sodium, potassium, and phosphate levels
• Corticosteroids: May induce hyperglycemia and counteract glucose-lowering effects
• Parenteral medications: Glucose 10% is often used as a diluent, but incompatibility with certain drugs (e.g., amphotericin B) may lead to precipitation or reduced efficacy

Always evaluate potential incompatibilities and avoid mixing with alkaline solutions. Monitor patients closely when used with agents affecting carbohydrate metabolism.

Dosage of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Dosage of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v should be tailored to the individual patient's clinical condition, age, weight, and metabolic status. It is generally administered under strict hospital protocols.

• Adults: 500–3000 ml/day, depending on caloric requirements and fluid status
• Children: Dosage typically calculated as 10–20 ml/kg/day; requires pediatric specialist oversight
• Elderly: May require reduced volume and slower infusion rates due to compromised renal or cardiac function
• Maximum rate: Should not exceed the body's glucose oxidation capacity—usually around 5 mg/kg/min
• Monitoring: Blood glucose, renal function, and serum electrolytes should guide dosage adjustments

In parenteral nutrition, this solution may be combined with amino acids and lipids to meet complete caloric and protein needs. Over-infusion should be avoided to prevent complications such as hyperglycemia and osmotic diuresis.

Possible side effects of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Though generally well-tolerated, (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v can produce side effects, especially if infused inappropriately or over prolonged periods.

• Hyperglycemia: Most common; manifests as high blood sugar, especially in diabetics or critically ill patients
• Fluid overload: Leads to pulmonary edema or peripheral edema, particularly in patients with renal or cardiac impairment
• Electrolyte disturbances: May cause hypokalemia, hyponatremia, or hypomagnesemia due to dilutional effects
• Local reactions: Phlebitis, vein irritation, or injection site inflammation
• Metabolic acidosis: Can occur if infused rapidly or in large quantities

Severe reactions are rare when administered correctly. Regular monitoring of glucose and fluid-electrolyte status is crucial to minimizing adverse effects.

(Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v Contraindications (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

The use of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v is contraindicated in specific clinical conditions where glucose administration may worsen the underlying disease or metabolic state.

• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: Risk of severe hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis
• Hyperosmolar coma: May exacerbate the osmolar imbalance
• Severe dehydration with electrolyte depletion: Requires electrolyte correction before glucose infusion
• Intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage: Hypertonic glucose may worsen cerebral edema
• Anuria or severe renal impairment: Risk of fluid overload and glucose accumulation

Additional caution should be taken in neonates and patients with congestive heart failure, as they are more susceptible to fluid shifts and metabolic disturbances.

Storage of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v

Proper storage of (Baxter) Glucose 10% w/v ensures its efficacy and safety upon administration. As a sterile infusion product, it requires a controlled environment to prevent contamination or degradation.

• Temperature: Store below 25°C (77°F); do not freeze
• Light exposure: Protect from direct sunlight and fluorescent light to avoid breakdown of glucose
• Shelf life: Refer to product packaging; typically stable for 24–36 months under optimal conditions
• Handling: Inspect for leaks, particulates, or discoloration before use; do not use compromised bags
• Post-opening: Use immediately after opening; do not store partially used bags

Ensure that the Viaflo bags are stored upright in their outer packaging to maintain sterility. Use aseptic techniques during preparation and administration to prevent microbial contamination.