SEMPREX 8mg Price

Overview

Welcome to Dwaey, specifically on SEMPREX 8mg page.
This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Acrivastineis available in the market in concentration

Name

Dexamethasone 0.1% + Gatifloxacin 0.3%

Precaution

Dexamethasone 0.1% and Gatifloxacin 0.3% eye drops combine a corticosteroid (dexamethasone) and an antibiotic (gatifloxacin) to treat ocular inflammation and infection. While effective for managing inflammation and bacterial eye infections, this combination requires certain precautions. Dexamethasone, as a corticosteroid, can suppress the immune system and impair the ability of the eye to fight infections. It is essential to avoid using this combination in patients with viral, fungal, or mycobacterial infections, as corticosteroids can exacerbate these conditions and delay healing. It should also be used with caution in patients with a history of ocular hypertension or glaucoma, as steroids can increase intraocular pressure. Prolonged use of corticosteroids in the eye may lead to cataracts or worsening glaucoma. Additionally, although gatifloxacin is effective against many bacterial infections, it may not be effective against all ocular pathogens. If there is suspicion of a non-bacterial infection, alternative treatments should be considered. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before using this medication, as corticosteroids and antibiotics can pass through the placenta and into breast milk. Regular monitoring of eye pressure is recommended during long-term use of dexamethasone in this combination.

Indication

Dexamethasone 0.1% + Gatifloxacin 0.3% is indicated for the treatment of inflammatory eye conditions that are complicated by bacterial infections. It is commonly used for conditions such as conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and uveitis that involve both infection and inflammation. The combination of dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, and gatifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, provides a dual approach to treating both the inflammatory response and bacterial infection. Gatifloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, preventing bacterial DNA replication and thus treating the infection, while dexamethasone reduces inflammation, redness, swelling, and pain. This combination is beneficial for managing post-surgical inflammation in the eye and treating infections that may arise after eye surgery. It is also used for acute bacterial infections of the eye where both inflammation and bacterial pathogens are present. Off-label, it may be used for other ocular conditions where bacterial infection and inflammation coexist, but it should only be prescribed under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

Contra indication

Dexamethasone 0.1% + Gatifloxacin 0.3% eye drops are contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to either dexamethasone, gatifloxacin, or any of the excipients in the formulation. The combination is also contraindicated in individuals with active viral, fungal, or mycobacterial infections of the eye, as corticosteroids can exacerbate these infections. Specific conditions such as herpes simplex keratitis or ocular tuberculosis are contraindications, as dexamethasone could worsen these infections and lead to serious complications like corneal perforation or systemic spread. Caution is advised in patients with a history of ocular hypertension, glaucoma, or cataracts, as prolonged use of corticosteroids like dexamethasone can raise intraocular pressure and contribute to cataract formation. This medication should not be used in patients with a history of tendonitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use, including gatifloxacin. It is also contraindicated in pregnant women unless the potential benefit justifies the risk, as corticosteroids and fluoroquinolones may pose risks during pregnancy. The drug should be avoided during breastfeeding unless deemed essential by a healthcare provider.

Side Effect

The most common side effects of dexamethasone 0.1% + gatifloxacin 0.3% eye drops are local reactions, which include burning, stinging, or irritation in the eye immediately after application. These effects are typically mild and transient. Long-term use or overuse of the corticosteroid component (dexamethasone) can lead to more serious ocular side effects, including cataract formation, glaucoma, and increased intraocular pressure. There is also a risk of delayed wound healing in the eye and an increased susceptibility to secondary infections, particularly if used for an extended period. Gatifloxacin, the antibiotic component, may cause local side effects such as eye discomfort, blurred vision, or a dry feeling in the eye. Although rare, systemic side effects from gatifloxacin can include tendonitis, tendon rupture, or more severe adverse effects in immunocompromised individuals. Allergic reactions to either dexamethasone or gatifloxacin are also possible, presenting as redness, swelling, or itching in the eye, or more severe reactions like anaphylaxis. If any severe reactions such as vision changes, eye pain, or signs of infection develop, patients should seek immediate medical attention. It is essential to follow the prescribed treatment duration to avoid the risks associated with prolonged steroid use.

Pregnancy Category ID

3

Mode of Action

Dexamethasone 0.1% + Gatifloxacin 0.3% eye drops combine two drugs with distinct mechanisms of action. Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, works by binding to glucocorticoid receptors in the eye, leading to the suppression of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, prostaglandins, and interleukins. By inhibiting the release of these substances, dexamethasone reduces the inflammatory response, providing relief from symptoms like redness, swelling, and pain. It also stabilizes the blood-eye barrier, preventing fluid leakage into the tissues and further reducing inflammation. Gatifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, an enzyme responsible for DNA replication in bacteria. This action prevents bacterial DNA replication and cell division, effectively killing the bacteria causing the infection. The combination of a corticosteroid and an antibiotic allows for both the control of inflammation and the treatment of bacterial infection, making it an effective treatment for ocular conditions that involve both inflammation and bacterial infection.

Interaction

There is a low risk of significant systemic drug-drug interactions with the topical combination of dexamethasone 0.1% and gatifloxacin 0.3% because the absorption from the eye is minimal. However, caution should be exercised when this combination is used alongside other ocular corticosteroids or antibiotics, as the risk of ocular side effects such as elevated intraocular pressure, cataracts, or delayed wound healing increases. Additionally, systemic use of corticosteroids may alter the metabolism of other drugs, leading to an increased risk of side effects. Gatifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, can interact with certain medications that prolong the QT interval, so if patients are using other medications that affect heart rhythm, such as antiarrhythmic drugs, caution should be exercised. Gatifloxacin may also increase the risk of tendon rupture, particularly in elderly patients or those on concurrent corticosteroid therapy, so close monitoring is required. There are no significant food interactions with this combination; however, patients should avoid excessive alcohol consumption, which can worsen side effects like gastrointestinal upset and increase the risk of systemic corticosteroid effects. Patients should inform their healthcare providers about all medications they are currently taking to avoid potential interactions.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

For adults, the recommended dosage of dexamethasone 0.1% + gatifloxacin 0.3% eye drops is typically one to two drops in the affected eye(s) every 1 to 4 hours, depending on the severity of the condition. For more severe cases, such as post-surgical inflammation or acute infection, the frequency may be higher initially and gradually tapered as symptoms improve. The medication should not be used for longer than prescribed to minimize the risk of complications associated with corticosteroid use, such as cataracts or elevated intraocular pressure. If a dose is missed, it should be administered as soon as remembered, but if it is near the time for the next dose, the missed dose should be skipped, and the regular schedule resumed. The treatment duration should be determined by the healthcare provider and typically lasts from a few days to a couple of weeks, depending on the condition being treated.

Child Dose

For children, the dosing of dexamethasone 0.1% + gatifloxacin 0.3% eye drops is generally similar to that for adults, with one to two drops instilled into the affected eye(s) every 1 to 4 hours, depending on the severity of the condition. As with adults, the frequency can be reduced as symptoms improve. Prolonged use should be avoided, especially in pediatric patients, due to the risk of side effects such as cataracts, glaucoma, or delayed wound healing. Close monitoring is necessary, particularly in children under the age of 2, as the safety and efficacy in this age group have not been well established. Children may be more susceptible to systemic side effects from corticosteroids, so careful consideration should be given when prescribing this combination. If any adverse effects occur, such as vision changes, increased eye pressure, or signs of infection, the healthcare provider should be contacted immediately.

Renal Dose

Because dexamethasone 0.1% + gatifloxacin 0.3% eye drops are administered topically and absorbed minimally into the systemic circulation, no renal dose adjustment is necessary. However, patients with severe renal impairment should still be monitored for any potential systemic side effects, especially if corticosteroids are used for extended periods or if other medications that affect renal function are used concurrently. Although the local absorption of the medication is minimal, patients with significant renal dysfunction should be closely monitored for side effects related to corticosteroid use, such as fluid retention or electrolyte imbalances.

Administration

Information not available