PECTORAL Price

Overview

Welcome to Dwaey, specifically on PECTORAL page.
This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Liquid extracts of Ipecac, Plantaginis, Primulae, Quillajae, Senegae, Thymis available in the market in concentration

Name

Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium

Precaution

Before initiating therapy with **Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium**, it is essential for patients to consult their healthcare provider to ensure the combination of medications is suitable for their specific medical condition. Some key precautions to consider include: - **Respiratory Infections**: This combination of medications should be used cautiously in individuals with a history of **respiratory infections**, as it can exacerbate conditions such as **pneumonia** or other lung infections. - **Cardiovascular Concerns**: **Indacaterol** and **Glycopyrronium** may increase the heart rate, so patients with **pre-existing cardiovascular conditions** (e.g., arrhythmias, hypertension, or ischemic heart disease) should use this medication with caution and under close monitoring. - **Glaucoma**: **Glycopyrronium**, a **long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)**, can cause increased **intraocular pressure**, potentially worsening **glaucoma** or other eye conditions. Patients with a history of glaucoma or eye conditions should inform their healthcare provider before use. - **Urinary Retention**: **Glycopyrronium** can cause difficulty urinating or **urinary retention**, particularly in patients with **enlarged prostate** or other **urinary tract obstructions**. - **Pregnancy and Lactation**: The safety of this combination during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been well-established. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, and women who are breastfeeding should consult their healthcare provider before using it.

Indication

The combination of **Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** is indicated for the long-term treatment of **chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)**. It provides effective symptom management for COPD patients by improving lung function and easing breathing. Specific indications include: - **Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)**: Indacaterol and Glycopyrronium are used together to help manage symptoms of COPD, such as shortness of breath, wheezing, and chronic cough. This combination helps reduce airway inflammation and improves airflow in patients with COPD. - **Bronchodilation**: The medications work by relaxing the smooth muscles of the airways, making it easier to breathe, thus improving quality of life in patients with COPD. This combination is typically prescribed for **maintenance therapy** to reduce the frequency and severity of COPD exacerbations.

Contra indication

**Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** should be avoided in the following situations: - **Hypersensitivity**: Patients with a known **hypersensitivity** to **Indacaterol**, **Glycopyrronium**, or any of the excipients in the formulation should not use this medication. Signs of an allergic reaction may include swelling of the face, lips, or throat, and difficulty breathing. - **Acute Asthma Exacerbations**: This combination is **not indicated for the relief of acute asthma symptoms**. It should not be used in the treatment of sudden breathing problems or acute **asthma attacks**. - **Severe Allergic Reactions**: Patients who have experienced severe allergic reactions to other bronchodilators should avoid this combination and seek alternatives. - **Severe Renal or Hepatic Impairment**: For patients with **severe renal or hepatic dysfunction**, this combination should be used with caution, as the pharmacokinetics of the drug may be altered. Patients should always consult their healthcare provider before starting this medication to ensure it is appropriate for their condition.

Side Effect

Common side effects of **Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** include: - **Common Side Effects**: - **Dry Mouth**: A common effect due to the **anticholinergic properties** of **Glycopyrronium**. - **Throat Irritation**: Patients may experience throat irritation or hoarseness. - **Coughing**: Some individuals may develop a persistent cough or throat discomfort. - **Headache**: Headaches may occur, especially when first starting treatment. - **Serious Side Effects**: - **Cardiovascular Effects**: The combination may increase the risk of **tachycardia** (increased heart rate) or **palpitations**, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. - **Severe Allergic Reactions**: Although rare, **anaphylaxis** or other severe allergic reactions may occur, including difficulty breathing, swelling, or rash. - **Eye Problems**: **Increased intraocular pressure** or worsening of **glaucoma** can occur due to the **anticholinergic** effects of **Glycopyrronium**. Patients should be vigilant for any changes in vision. - **Urinary Retention**: Difficulty urinating or urinary retention may occur, particularly in men with enlarged prostate or other urinary issues. Patients should seek immediate medical attention if any severe side effects or allergic reactions occur.

Pregnancy Category ID

0

Mode of Action

**Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** provides bronchodilation through two different mechanisms of action: - **Indacaterol**: A **long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA)**, it stimulates the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscles of the airways. This results in **bronchodilation** (relaxation of the airway muscles), helping to widen the airways and facilitate better airflow into the lungs. - **Glycopyrronium**: A **long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)**, it blocks the action of **acetylcholine** on muscarinic receptors in the airway smooth muscles, leading to **bronchodilation**. It also reduces **mucus secretion**, helping to prevent airway obstruction. Together, these two medications provide sustained bronchodilation, improving airflow and reducing respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Interaction

**Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** may interact with other medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of adverse effects. Notable interactions include: - **Other Bronchodilators**: The combination of this medication with other **beta-agonists** (e.g., **albuterol**) or **anticholinergics** may increase the risk of side effects such as excessive dryness of the mouth, heart palpitations, or elevated blood pressure. - **Corticosteroids**: Concomitant use with **oral or inhaled corticosteroids** may increase the risk of **oral candidiasis** (thrush), so patients should practice good oral hygiene after use. - **Anticholinergic Drugs**: Co-administration with other **anticholinergic** drugs (e.g., **ipratropium**) may lead to **anticholinergic side effects** like dry mouth, constipation, or blurred vision. - **Beta-Blockers**: Beta-blockers, particularly **non-selective beta-blockers** (e.g., **propranolol**), may reduce the effectiveness of **Indacaterol**, a **beta-2 agonist**, and should be used with caution in patients receiving this combination. Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all current medications (including over-the-counter drugs, herbal supplements, and over-the-counter inhalers) to prevent potential interactions.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

For **adults** (18 years and older), the recommended dose of **Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** is: - **1 inhalation** once daily, typically in the morning. Patients should use the inhaler as prescribed and not exceed the recommended dose. The medication should not be used more than once a day. Regular monitoring of lung function and symptoms is necessary to ensure the drug is effectively managing the condition.

Child Dose

The **Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** combination is **not recommended for children** under the age of 18. The safety and efficacy of this medication in pediatric patients have not been established. For children, alternative treatments or therapies specifically approved for younger patients should be considered, under the supervision of a healthcare provider. Patients should always follow their healthcare provider’s instructions and discuss appropriate medication options for children with respiratory conditions.

Renal Dose

For patients with **renal impairment**, particularly those with **moderate to severe renal dysfunction**, the combination of **Indacaterol + Glycopyrronium** should be used with caution. **Glycopyrronium** is primarily excreted by the kidneys, so patients with renal insufficiency may require **dose adjustments** or closer monitoring for any adverse effects, especially if there are signs of **urinary retention** or other anticholinergic effects. - **Mild to moderate renal impairment**: No dose adjustment is typically required, but close monitoring is recommended. - **Severe renal impairment**: This medication should be used cautiously, with careful monitoring for side effects. Patients with renal issues should consult their healthcare provider before using this combination.

Administration

Information not available