DAGYNIL 1.25mg Price

Overview

Welcome to Dwaey, specifically on DAGYNIL 1.25mg page.
This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Oestrogens (conjugated)is available in the market in concentration

Name

Acemetacin

Precaution

- **Gastrointestinal Risk**: Acemetacin, like other NSAIDs, can increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects such as ulcers, bleeding, and perforation, particularly with prolonged use. Patients with a history of gastrointestinal disorders, such as ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding, should be closely monitored. - **Cardiovascular Risk**: Long-term use of acemetacin may increase the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attack, stroke, and hypertension. It is important to use this medication cautiously in patients with existing heart disease or risk factors for cardiovascular conditions. - **Renal Function**: Acemetacin can impair kidney function, particularly in patients with pre-existing renal conditions. It is important to monitor renal function regularly, especially in elderly patients or those with compromised kidney function. - **Liver Function**: Regular monitoring of liver enzymes is necessary as acemetacin can potentially lead to hepatotoxicity, especially in patients with a history of liver disease. - **Pregnancy and Breastfeeding**: Acemetacin is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy due to the risk of fetal harm, including premature closure of the ductus arteriosus. It should be avoided during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. It is also not recommended during breastfeeding. - **Asthma and Allergies**: Acemetacin should be used with caution in patients with asthma, especially those with NSAID-induced asthma, as it can exacerbate respiratory symptoms. - **Elderly Patients**: Elderly patients may be at higher risk for side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding, renal toxicity, and cardiovascular events, so careful dose management and monitoring are necessary. - **Discontinuation for Serious Reactions**: If patients experience signs of gastrointestinal bleeding (e.g., black or bloody stools, vomiting blood), severe allergic reactions (e.g., rash, swelling, difficulty breathing), or liver or kidney dysfunction (e.g., yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine), acemetacin should be discontinued immediately.

Indication

- **Pain Relief**: Acemetacin is primarily used for the management of acute and chronic pain conditions, including musculoskeletal pain, dental pain, and pain following surgery. - **Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis**: It is indicated for the treatment of inflammation and pain in conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Acemetacin helps to reduce pain, stiffness, and swelling associated with these conditions. - **Ankylosing Spondylitis**: Acemetacin can be used to alleviate pain and inflammation associated with ankylosing spondylitis, an inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine. - **Gout**: Acemetacin is also used to treat pain and inflammation during acute gout attacks. - **Dysmenorrhea**: Acemetacin may be prescribed for the relief of pain associated with primary dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation). - **Postoperative Pain**: It is sometimes used to manage pain following surgical procedures, especially orthopedic or dental surgeries. - **Off-label Uses**: In some instances, acemetacin may be used for other inflammatory or pain-related conditions, based on clinical judgment.

Contra indication

- **Hypersensitivity to Acemetacin or NSAIDs**: Acemetacin is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or other NSAIDs, including those with a history of allergic reactions to aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. - **Active Peptic Ulcers or Gastrointestinal Bleeding**: Acemetacin should be avoided in patients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer disease, or gastrointestinal perforation, as it may exacerbate these conditions. - **Severe Renal Impairment**: Acemetacin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min) due to the risk of further kidney damage. - **Severe Hepatic Impairment**: It should be avoided in patients with severe liver dysfunction or active liver disease, as it may worsen liver conditions. - **Third Trimester of Pregnancy**: Acemetacin is contraindicated during the third trimester of pregnancy due to the risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus, which can lead to complications in the fetus. - **Breastfeeding**: Acemetacin should not be used during breastfeeding, as its safety in lactating women is not established and it may pass into breast milk. - **Asthma or NSAID-induced Respiratory Conditions**: Acemetacin should be avoided in patients with asthma or those with NSAID-induced respiratory symptoms, as it may worsen these conditions. - **Perioperative Use in CABG Surgery**: Like other NSAIDs, acemetacin should not be used for pain management after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery due to increased cardiovascular risk.

Side Effect

- **Common Side Effects**: - Gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dyspepsia (indigestion), and diarrhea. - Headache, dizziness, and fatigue. - Skin rash, itching, or mild allergic reactions. - **Serious Side Effects**: - **Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Ulceration**: Prolonged use of acemetacin can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, and perforation. - **Cardiovascular Events**: There is an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and hypertension, particularly with long-term or high-dose use. - **Renal Toxicity**: Acemetacin may impair kidney function, causing symptoms like swelling, reduced urine output, or elevated creatinine levels. - **Liver Toxicity**: Elevated liver enzymes and jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes) may indicate liver toxicity. - **Severe Allergic Reactions**: Rare but serious allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, angioedema (swelling), or severe rash may occur. - **Hematologic Issues**: Rarely, acemetacin may cause blood disorders, such as thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) or anemia. - **Long-term Use**: Prolonged use of acemetacin increases the risk of serious side effects, especially gastrointestinal and renal complications. Patients should be monitored regularly during long-term treatment.

Pregnancy Category ID

0

Mode of Action

- **Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibition**: Acemetacin exerts its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX), an enzyme responsible for converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are key mediators of inflammation, pain, and fever. - **Selective COX-2 Inhibition**: Acemetacin selectively inhibits COX-2, which is primarily involved in the inflammatory response, reducing inflammation and pain without significantly affecting COX-1, which plays a role in protecting the gastrointestinal mucosa. - **Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Action**: By reducing prostaglandin production, acemetacin helps reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and lower fever. - **Systemic and Localized Action**: While acemetacin is a systemic medication, it primarily exerts its therapeutic effects on tissues where inflammation and pain are present, such as in the joints or muscles.

Interaction

- **Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Drugs**: Concomitant use of acemetacin with blood thinners like warfarin or aspirin may increase the risk of bleeding. Monitoring of coagulation parameters is recommended. - **Other NSAIDs**: Combining acemetacin with other NSAIDs, including corticosteroids, may increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulceration, bleeding, and renal toxicity. Co-administration should be avoided. - **Antihypertensive Agents**: Acemetacin may reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs, such as ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and beta-blockers, leading to increased blood pressure. - **Lithium**: Acemetacin may increase lithium levels in the blood, potentially leading to lithium toxicity. Close monitoring of lithium levels is recommended. - **Methotrexate**: Co-administration of acemetacin and methotrexate may increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity, including liver and kidney damage. - **Cyclosporine**: Acemetacin should be used with caution in patients taking cyclosporine, as the combination may increase the risk of renal damage. - **Digoxin**: Acemetacin can increase serum digoxin levels, potentially leading to digoxin toxicity. Monitoring of digoxin levels is recommended when used together. - **Diuretics**: Co-administration of acemetacin with diuretics can increase the risk of renal impairment. Adequate hydration and renal function monitoring are essential when using these drugs together. - **Probenecid**: Probenecid may increase the plasma levels of acemetacin, increasing the risk of toxicity. Monitoring is advised if both drugs are used concurrently.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

- **Acute Pain and Inflammatory Conditions**: The usual dose for adult patients is 60–120 mg per day, divided into two doses. - **Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis**: Typically, 60 mg to 120 mg per day is prescribed, divided into two doses. The dose may be adjusted based on the severity of symptoms and patient response. - **Ankylosing Spondylitis**: The recommended dose is 60–120 mg per day, divided into two doses. - **Dysmenorrhea**: The dose for dysmenorrhea is usually 60–120 mg per day, divided into two doses. - **Maximum Dose**: The maximum recommended dose is typically 120 mg per day. Higher doses should be used with caution and only under the supervision of a healthcare provider. - **Administration**: Acemetacin should be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal irritation. The tablet should not be crushed or chewed.

Child Dose

- **Not Recommended for Children**: Acemetacin is generally not recommended for use in children under 18 years of age due to limited safety data and the potential for severe side effects. - **Use in Special Cases**: If prescribed to children (in exceptional cases), the dose should be based on the child's weight and the specific condition being treated. Pediatric dosing should be determined by a healthcare provider experienced in managing pediatric pain or inflammation.

Renal Dose

- **Mild to Moderate Renal Impairment**: In patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance 30-50 mL/min), acemetacin can be used with caution, but dose adjustments may be necessary. - **Severe Renal Impairment**: Acemetacin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min) due to the risk of renal deterioration. - **Monitoring**: Patients with impaired renal function should be closely monitored for signs of renal toxicity, including changes in creatinine levels and urine output.

Administration

Information not available