MORPHINE SULFATE INJECTION Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Morphine (as sulfate)is available in the market in concentration

Name

Morphine Sulphate

Precaution

Patient w/ impaired resp function, severe bronchial asthma, convulsive disorders, acute alcoholism, delirium tremens, raised intracranial pressure, hypotension w/ hypovolaemia, cardiac arrhythmias, severe cor pulmonale, history of substance abuse, diseases of the biliary tract, pancreatitis, inflammatory bowel disorders, prostatic hypertrophy, adrenocortical insufficiency, toxic psychoses. Opioid dependent patients. Renal and hepatic impairment. Pregnancy and lactation. Patient Counselling May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Monitoring Parameters Monitor efficacy of pain control, vital signs, and mental status; signs of drug abuse, addiction, or diversion; signs or symptoms of hypogonadism or hypoadrenalism.

Indication

Pain, MI, Unstable angina, Intractable cough, Acute pulmonary oedema, Analgesia during labour

Contra indication

Respiratory depression, acute or severe asthma; paralytic ileus; obstructive airway disease; acute liver disease; comatose patients; increased intracranial pressure; acute alcoholism. Pulmonary oedema resulting from a chemical respiratory irritant.

Side Effect

>10% Pruritus (?80%),Urinary retention (epidural/IT) (15-70%),Vomiting (7-70%),Constipation (>10%),Headache (>10%),Somnolence (>10%) 1-10% Abdominal pain (5-10%),Asthenia (5-10%),Backache (5-10%),Depression (5-10%),Diarrhea (5-10%),Dyspnea (5-10%),Fever (5-10%),Insomnia (5 -10% ),Loss of appetite (5-10%),Nausea (5-10%),Paresthesia (5-10%),Peripheral edema (5-10%),Rash (5-10%),Sweating (5-10%),Xerostomia (5-10%),Respiratory depression (IT) (4-7%),Anxiety (6%),Dizziness (6%),Abnormal liver function test results (<5%),Amblyopia (<5%),Hiccups (<5%),Orthostatic hypotension (<5%),Syncope (<5%),Urinary retention (PO) (<5%) <1% Respiratory depression (epidural) (0.25-0.4% ) Frequency Not Defined Anaphylaxis (rare ),Cardiac arrest,Circulatory depression,Finding of intracranial pressure,Ileus,Lightheadedness,Malaise,Miosis,Myoclonus,Shock,Thinking disturbances,Vertigo Potentially Fatal: Respiratory depression; circulatory failure; hypotension; deepening coma; anaphylactic reactions.

Pregnancy Category ID

3

Mode of Action

Morphine is a phenanthrene derivative which acts mainly on the CNS and smooth muscles. It binds to opiate receptors in the CNS altering pain perception and response. Analgesia, euphoria and dependence are thought to be due to its action at the mu-1 receptors while resp depression and inhibition of intestinal movements are due to action at the mu-2 receptors. Spinal analgesia is mediated by morphine agonist action at the K receptor.

Interaction

Additive depressant effects w/ other CNS depressants (e.g. sedatives, hypnotics, general anaesth, phenothiazines, other tranquilisers). May enhance the neuromuscular blocking action of skeletal muscle relaxants. Reduced analgesic effect w/ mixed agonist/antagonist opioid analgesics (e.g. pentazocine, nalbuphine, buprenorphine). Increased plasma concentrations w/ cimetidine. May reduce the efficacy of diuretics by inducing the release of antidiuretic hormone. May delay the absorption of mexiletine. May antagonise the GI effect of cisapride, domperidone and metoclopramide. May produce hyperpyrexia and CNS toxicity w/ dopaminergics. Potentially Fatal: MAOIs intensify the effect of morphine resulting to severe and even fatal events (e.g. anxiety, confusion, resp depression, sometimes leading to coma).

Pregnancy Category Note

Pregnancy category: C; D if prolonged use/high doses at term.

Adult Dose

Child Dose

Renal Dose

Administration