DARAPRIM 25mg Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Pyrimethamineis available in the market in concentration

Name

Amlexanox

Precaution

- **Allergic Reactions**: Amlexanox may cause allergic reactions such as rash, itching, and swelling. It is important to monitor for signs of an allergic response, particularly during the first few doses. - **Pregnancy and Breastfeeding**: Amlexanox is categorized under pregnancy category C, which means it should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. There is limited information on its excretion in breast milk, so caution should be exercised when used by breastfeeding mothers. - **Liver and Kidney Dysfunction**: While amlexanox is not extensively metabolized in the liver or excreted via the kidneys, it should still be used with caution in patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction. Close monitoring is advised. - **Age Considerations**: The safety and efficacy of amlexanox in children under 12 years have not been established. It should be used with caution in pediatric patients and only under the supervision of a healthcare provider. - **Use in Conjunction with Other Medications**: When used with other treatments for allergic rhinitis or asthma, amlexanox should be prescribed carefully to avoid potential interactions. Patients should inform their healthcare providers about any other medications they are using.

Indication

- **Allergic Rhinitis**: Amlexanox is primarily indicated for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. It helps reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and prevents allergic reactions from worsening, offering relief from symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. - **Asthma**: Amlexanox is also used as an adjunctive treatment for asthma, particularly for patients who have not responded adequately to other medications such as inhaled corticosteroids or bronchodilators. - **Mucosal Inflammation**: Amlexanox can be used to reduce mucosal inflammation associated with allergic reactions, helping to improve airway function and overall breathing. - **Chronic Rhinosinusitis**: It may be utilized in certain cases of chronic rhinosinusitis where inflammation and allergic responses are a significant part of the disease mechanism. - **Prevention of Allergic Reactions**: In addition to symptom treatment, amlexanox can also be used prophylactically to help prevent allergic reactions in patients who are known to be at risk for such conditions.

Contra indication

- **Hypersensitivity to Amlexanox**: It is contraindicated in patients who have known hypersensitivity to amlexanox or any of the components of the formulation. Severe allergic reactions can occur in these individuals. - **Active Respiratory Infections**: Patients with active respiratory infections should not use amlexanox until the infection has resolved, as it could interfere with the immune response or worsen the infection. - **Children Under 12**: Amlexanox is not approved for use in children under the age of 12. It is important to avoid prescribing it to younger children due to insufficient evidence of safety and efficacy. - **Severe Hepatic Impairment**: Patients with severe liver impairment should avoid using amlexanox, as its metabolism may be affected, leading to potential drug accumulation and increased risk of adverse effects.

Side Effect

- **Common Side Effects**: - Nasal irritation or discomfort - Sneezing - Headache - Throat irritation - Cough - Dry mouth - Nausea or upset stomach - **Serious Side Effects**: - Severe allergic reactions, including difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, or throat (rare) - Severe skin rash or blistering - Eye irritation or vision changes - Worsening asthma symptoms in some patients - **Local Effects**: - Localized irritation or burning sensation in the nasal passages is a relatively common side effect. - Some users may experience mild nosebleeds or increased nasal congestion following use. - **Allergic Reactions**: Though uncommon, amlexanox can cause severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Immediate medical attention is required if symptoms such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing occur.

Pregnancy Category ID

2

Mode of Action

- **Anti-inflammatory Action**: Amlexanox works by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes from mast cells, which are involved in allergic reactions. By reducing these inflammatory responses, it helps to relieve symptoms such as nasal congestion and inflammation. - **Stabilization of Mast Cells**: One of the primary mechanisms of amlexanox is its ability to stabilize mast cells, preventing the release of various substances that contribute to allergic inflammation. This action helps reduce the frequency and severity of allergic reactions. - **Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase**: Amlexanox also inhibits phosphodiesterase, an enzyme that plays a role in inflammation. By blocking this enzyme, it helps reduce swelling and mucus production in the airways. - **Bronchodilation**: In asthma, amlexanox works by preventing the bronchoconstriction typically triggered by allergens, leading to improved airflow and easier breathing. - **Prevention of Further Allergic Responses**: It also plays a role in preventing future allergic reactions by blocking certain pathways that lead to the activation of the immune system, reducing the likelihood of future symptoms.

Interaction

- **Corticosteroids**: Combining amlexanox with corticosteroids for asthma or allergic rhinitis treatment may lead to enhanced anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is essential to monitor for excessive immunosuppression or adverse reactions due to the combined use of these drugs. - **Antihistamines**: The use of antihistamines alongside amlexanox can provide additional symptom relief for allergic rhinitis and asthma. However, there may be an increased risk of dry mouth or sedation. - **Decongestants**: Decongestants used in combination with amlexanox can provide additional relief from nasal congestion, but care should be taken to avoid overuse of decongestants, which can lead to rebound congestion or other adverse effects. - **Caffeine**: Some studies suggest that amlexanox might interact with caffeine, potentially enhancing the stimulant effects. Patients should be cautious when combining amlexanox with excessive caffeine intake. - **Immunosuppressive Medications**: If a patient is on other immunosuppressive medications (e.g., biologics for asthma), the combined use with amlexanox should be monitored for potential interactions that could impact immune function or increase the risk of infections. - **Other Allergy Medications**: Patients using multiple allergy medications (e.g., leukotriene modifiers, nasal corticosteroids) alongside amlexanox should do so under the guidance of a healthcare provider to avoid potential additive effects or toxicity.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

- **Allergic Rhinitis**: The typical dosage for adults is 5 mg twice daily, usually administered via the oral route. Some patients may require dose adjustments based on the severity of their symptoms or their response to the medication. - **Asthma**: For adults, the starting dose is typically 5 mg twice daily, which can be gradually increased to 10 mg twice daily depending on effectiveness and tolerance. - **Chronic Rhinosinusitis**: Dosing for chronic rhinosinusitis is similar to that for allergic rhinitis, starting at 5 mg twice daily. The dose may be adjusted based on individual patient needs.

Child Dose

- **Children (12 years and older)**: For children aged 12 and above, the recommended dosage is typically 5 mg twice daily, which can be adjusted based on symptom severity and response. The dosage may be increased to 10 mg twice daily if necessary. - **Children under 12 years**: The safety and efficacy of amlexanox in children under the age of 12 have not been established, and it is not recommended for this age group. Use in children should be carefully monitored and only prescribed under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Renal Dose

- **Renal Impairment**: In patients with mild to moderate renal dysfunction, the dosage of amlexanox may need to be adjusted to account for potential altered drug elimination. Monitoring of renal function and symptom response is advised. For patients with severe renal impairment, caution is recommended, and lower doses may be necessary. - **Dialysis**: There is limited information on the use of amlexanox in patients undergoing dialysis. As the drug is not primarily excreted via the kidneys, dialysis may not significantly impact its clearance, but careful monitoring is suggested in these patients.

Administration

Information not available