KYNTHEUM 210 mg Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Brodalumabis available in the market in concentration

Name

Brinzolamide 1% Eye prep

Precaution

Before starting treatment with **Brinzolamide 1% Eye Prep**, it is important to consult a healthcare provider to ensure it is appropriate for your condition. Key precautions include: - **Eye Conditions**: Brinzolamide is a **carbonic anhydrase inhibitor** used to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Patients with a history of **ocular irritation** or **corneal disease** should be monitored closely, as the drug may exacerbate these conditions. - **Renal Impairment**: Since Brinzolamide is absorbed systemically to a small extent, patients with **renal impairment** (e.g., **renal failure**) should use caution, as the drug is excreted through the kidneys. In such patients, there is an increased risk of side effects, including **metabolic acidosis** or **electrolyte imbalances**. - **Sulfonamide Sensitivity**: Brinzolamide is a **sulfonamide derivative**, and it should be used cautiously in individuals with known **sulfonamide allergies** due to the potential for **hypersensitivity reactions**. - **Pregnancy and Breastfeeding**: Brinzolamide is classified as **Category C** for pregnancy. It should only be used during pregnancy if absolutely necessary. Additionally, it is unknown whether Brinzolamide is excreted in breast milk, so caution should be exercised if breastfeeding.

Indication

Brinzolamide 1% Eye Prep is primarily prescribed for the treatment of **elevated intraocular pressure (IOP)** in patients with **open-angle glaucoma** and **ocular hypertension**. This medication is used to: - **Glaucoma**: Brinzolamide helps to lower IOP by reducing the production of aqueous humor (the fluid inside the eye). By doing so, it reduces the risk of optic nerve damage, which is associated with glaucoma. - **Ocular Hypertension**: Brinzolamide can also be used to treat elevated IOP in patients without glaucoma to prevent the development of glaucomatous damage. - **Adjunct Therapy**: It may be used in combination with other medications, such as **beta-blockers** or **prostaglandin analogs**, when additional IOP reduction is needed.

Contra indication

Brinzolamide 1% Eye Prep is contraindicated in the following situations: - **Hypersensitivity**: The medication should not be used in patients with a known **allergy** or **hypersensitivity** to Brinzolamide, other **carbonic anhydrase inhibitors**, or any of its components. - **Severe Renal Dysfunction**: Due to the drug’s renal excretion, it is contraindicated in patients with **severe renal impairment** (e.g., **creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min**), as there is an increased risk of systemic side effects. - **Sulfonamide Sensitivity**: Brinzolamide is a sulfonamide derivative, so it is contraindicated in patients who have a history of **allergic reactions** to **sulfonamides**, which may lead to severe reactions like **Steven-Johnson syndrome** or **toxic epidermal necrolysis**. - **Acidosis**: In patients with **metabolic acidosis** or conditions that predispose to acidosis, Brinzolamide should not be used as it may exacerbate the condition.

Side Effect

Common and severe side effects of **Brinzolamide 1% Eye Prep** include: - **Common Side Effects**: - **Eye Irritation**: Mild **burning**, **stinging**, or **redness** in the eyes after application is common but typically resolves after a short time. - **Blurred Vision**: Some patients experience transient **blurry vision** immediately following instillation of the drops. - **Bitter Taste**: A bitter or unusual taste in the mouth may occur in some individuals after administration, particularly if the medication drains into the throat. - **Headache**: Headaches can occur as a side effect, especially during the early stages of treatment. - **Dry Eyes**: Patients may experience dryness, itching, or discomfort in the eyes. - **Severe Side Effects**: - **Severe Eye Irritation**: If there is significant irritation, **redness**, or **swelling**, patients should contact their doctor immediately as these may indicate an **allergic reaction** or severe side effect. - **Metabolic Acidosis**: This condition may be characterized by symptoms such as **fatigue**, **rapid breathing**, **confusion**, or **drowsiness**. If these occur, seek medical help promptly. - **Electrolyte Imbalance**: Significant shifts in **potassium**, **sodium**, or other electrolytes can cause **muscle cramps**, **weakness**, or irregular heartbeats. - **Hypersensitivity Reactions**: Rarely, patients may develop **severe allergic reactions** (e.g., **rash**, **hives**, or **swelling**) or more serious reactions like **anaphylaxis**.

Pregnancy Category ID

3

Mode of Action

**Brinzolamide** is a **carbonic anhydrase inhibitor** that works by inhibiting the enzyme **carbonic anhydrase** in the eye. This enzyme is involved in the production of **aqueous humor**, the fluid that circulates within the eye. By inhibiting this enzyme, Brinzolamide reduces the production of aqueous humor, which in turn lowers the **intraocular pressure (IOP)**. This reduction in IOP helps prevent damage to the optic nerve, which is essential for preserving vision in patients with **glaucoma** and **ocular hypertension**.

Interaction

Brinzolamide may interact with other drugs, affecting either the efficacy or safety of treatment: - **Other Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors**: The use of **Brinzolamide** in combination with other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (oral or topical) may increase the risk of systemic side effects, such as **metabolic acidosis** or **electrolyte imbalances**. - **Diuretics**: Concomitant use of **diuretics**, especially **potassium-sparing diuretics**, can lead to **hypokalemia** or **electrolyte imbalances**, which may increase the risk of side effects. Caution is required when using Brinzolamide with **thiazide** or **loop diuretics**. - **Other Ocular Medications**: When used with other eye drops, it is advised to wait at least **5 minutes** between applications to avoid dilution and interference with the efficacy of other treatments. - **Oral Sulfonamides**: Patients using **oral sulfonamides** should exercise caution when using Brinzolamide, as both can increase the risk of **systemic side effects** such as **allergic reactions** and **metabolic issues**.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

The typical dosage for **Brinzolamide 1% Eye Prep** is: - **One drop** in the affected eye(s) **twice daily** (morning and evening). - In cases of co-treatment with other **ocular pressure-lowering agents**, the exact dosage may be adjusted, and the healthcare provider may provide more specific guidance. - **Additional instructions**: Always follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding proper instillation technique, and ensure the eye drop bottle’s tip does not come into contact with the eye or any other surfaces to avoid contamination.

Child Dose

Brinzolamide is not recommended for use in **children** under the age of 18 unless directed by a healthcare provider. The safety and efficacy of Brinzolamide in pediatric populations have not been fully established. For pediatric patients, treatment with this drug should be done only under strict medical supervision, with careful monitoring for potential side effects, especially systemic effects such as **acidosis** or **electrolyte disturbances**.

Renal Dose

**Brinzolamide** should be used with caution in patients with **renal impairment**, especially those with **moderate to severe renal dysfunction**. In patients with **renal failure**, the systemic absorption of Brinzolamide may be increased, which could lead to adverse reactions such as **metabolic acidosis** or **electrolyte imbalances**. The medication may need to be avoided or dose-adjusted depending on the severity of renal impairment.

Administration

Information not available