ISOMAR OCCHI PLUS EYE DROPS - MONODOSE Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Cineraria Maritima extract, Calendula officinalis Extract, Euphrasia officinalis extract , Helicrysum Italicum extract , Centaurea cyanus extract , Sodium hyaluronate, Hydroxyprpylmethyl cellulose, levocarnitine , Erythritol, Trimethylglicine (Betis available in the market in concentration

Name

Verteporfin

Precaution

Before starting **Verteporfin**, it is essential that patients consult their healthcare provider to ensure its suitability based on their medical history and condition. Important precautions include: - **Photosensitivity**: **Verteporfin** causes increased sensitivity to light, especially after administration. Patients should avoid direct exposure to bright light, including sunlight, for at least **48 hours** following the treatment. Protective measures, such as wearing dark sunglasses and avoiding outdoor activities during this period, are strongly recommended. - **Liver Function**: **Verteporfin** is metabolized by the liver, and patients with **liver impairment** may require dose adjustments or monitoring for potential toxicity. Liver function tests should be monitored before and during treatment. - **Eye Health**: Prior to treatment, a full eye examination should be performed, especially for patients with pre-existing **macular degeneration** or **retinal conditions**. In rare cases, **Verteporfin** may cause adverse effects on vision. - **Pregnancy and Breastfeeding**: The safety of **Verteporfin** during pregnancy is not well established. It should be used only if the potential benefit outweighs the risks. It is also unknown if **Verteporfin** is excreted in breast milk, so nursing mothers should consult their healthcare provider before using the drug.

Indication

**Verteporfin** is primarily indicated for the treatment of **age-related macular degeneration (AMD)** and other **retinal vascular diseases**: - **Macular Degeneration**: It is used in the treatment of **wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD)**, a condition characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina, which can lead to vision loss. - **Choroidal Neovascularization**: **Verteporfin** is also used for the treatment of **choroidal neovascularization** (CNV) secondary to other conditions, such as **myopic CNV** and **pathological myopia**, which are also linked to retinal damage. - **Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)**: **Verteporfin** is administered in combination with **photodynamic therapy** (PDT). The drug is activated by laser light, which selectively destroys the abnormal blood vessels causing damage in the retina.

Contra indication

**Verteporfin** should not be used in the following situations: - **Hypersensitivity**: Patients who are allergic to **Verteporfin** or any of its ingredients should not use it. - **Severe Liver Impairment**: The drug should be avoided in individuals with severe liver dysfunction, as it can increase the risk of liver toxicity due to the drug's metabolism in the liver. - **Pregnancy**: **Verteporfin** is contraindicated during pregnancy, as it has not been studied for safety in pregnant women, and the potential risks to the fetus are unknown. - **Severe Retinal Disease**: In some cases, patients with extensive retinal damage or conditions not responsive to PDT may not benefit from **Verteporfin** therapy. This should be evaluated by an eye care professional.

Side Effect

Common side effects of **Verteporfin** include: - **Photosensitivity**: This is the most common side effect, where patients may experience increased sensitivity to sunlight or bright indoor light. Protective measures should be followed as instructed. - **Injection Site Reactions**: Mild pain, redness, or swelling may occur at the injection site. - **Visual Changes**: Temporary visual disturbances, such as blurred vision or visual discomfort, may occur during or after the procedure. - **Headache**: Some patients may experience headaches following the treatment. - **Flu-like Symptoms**: **Fever**, **chills**, **muscle pain**, or other flu-like symptoms may occur, though these are typically temporary. Serious side effects, though rare, include: - **Severe Vision Changes**: Uncommon, but in some cases, **Verteporfin** can worsen vision loss or cause permanent damage to the retina, especially in patients with pre-existing retinal conditions. - **Anaphylactic Reaction**: There have been reports of **allergic reactions** to **Verteporfin**, including **anaphylaxis**. Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they experience swelling, difficulty breathing, or skin rashes. - **Liver Toxicity**: In rare cases, liver damage has been reported, particularly in patients with pre-existing liver conditions. Monitoring liver function is advised.

Pregnancy Category ID

3

Mode of Action

**Verteporfin** works as part of a process known as **photodynamic therapy (PDT)**. The mechanism involves: - **Selective Activation by Light**: After intravenous administration, **Verteporfin** accumulates in abnormal blood vessels under the retina. It is then activated by exposure to a specific wavelength of laser light. - **Production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)**: The laser light triggers the **Verteporfin** to generate **reactive oxygen species**, which cause **oxidative damage** to the endothelial cells lining the abnormal blood vessels. - **Vascular Occlusion**: This damage leads to the **clotting** and **occlusion** of the abnormal blood vessels, which effectively reduces or halts the leakage and growth of these vessels, thereby preventing further damage to the retina and improving vision.

Interaction

**Verteporfin** can interact with several medications and substances: - **Photosensitizing Drugs**: Drugs that increase sensitivity to light, such as certain **antibiotics** (e.g., **tetracyclines**) or **sulfonamides**, may increase the phototoxic effects of **Verteporfin**. - **Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Inhibitors**: Medications that inhibit liver enzymes, particularly **CYP3A4** (such as **ketoconazole**, **itraconazole**, or **clarithromycin**), may alter the metabolism of **Verteporfin** and increase its concentration in the blood. This could potentially enhance side effects. - **Warfarin and Anticoagulants**: Caution should be exercised when using **Verteporfin** with blood-thinning medications like **warfarin**, as the photodynamic therapy may cause bleeding or bruising. - **Other Photosensitizing Agents**: Other medications or compounds that increase sensitivity to light should be avoided in combination with **Verteporfin**. It is crucial to avoid drugs that may heighten the risk of photosensitivity during treatment.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

The typical dosing regimen for **Verteporfin** in adults is as follows: - **Initial Dose**: The recommended dose is **6 mg/m²** of body surface area, administered intravenously over a 10-minute period. - **Light Activation**: After the injection, the patient is exposed to laser light within **15 minutes** to activate the drug and initiate the photodynamic therapy. - **Repeat Treatments**: Treatments are usually repeated every **3 months**, depending on the patient's condition and response to therapy. The number of treatments may vary based on the severity of the condition and the patient's progress.

Child Dose

**Verteporfin** is not approved for use in pediatric populations, and its safety and efficacy in children have not been established. Use of **Verteporfin** in children should be considered only under strict medical supervision and when other treatment options are not available or appropriate. It is important to consult a healthcare provider before initiating treatment with **Verteporfin**, as they can provide detailed guidance tailored to the patient’s specific condition and monitor for potential side effects during and after the treatment process.

Renal Dose

There are no specific dose adjustments for **Verteporfin** in patients with renal impairment. However, caution should be exercised when administering **Verteporfin** to patients with severe renal impairment, and these patients should be monitored closely for any adverse effects. There is limited data on the use of **Verteporfin** in patients with end-stage renal disease, so clinical judgment should guide its use in these individuals.

Administration

Information not available