GLYCOLATE 1mg/5ml Price

Overview

Welcome to Dwaey, specifically on GLYCOLATE 1mg/5ml page.
This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Glycopyrronium Bromideis available in the market in concentration

Name

Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polmyxin B Vag prep

Precaution

Before using **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B Vaginal Preparation**, patients should consult their healthcare provider to ensure its suitability for their condition. Key precautions include: - **Pregnancy**: **Metronidazole** is **Category B** during pregnancy, indicating that it is generally considered safe but should only be used when absolutely necessary, particularly during the **first trimester**. The safety of **Neomycin**, **Nystatin**, and **Polymyxin B** during pregnancy has not been thoroughly studied, so consultation with a healthcare provider is essential. - **Liver or Kidney Disease**: Patients with **liver** or **kidney** dysfunction should use this combination cautiously, as **Metronidazole** and **Neomycin** are metabolized by the liver, and **Polymyxin B** is excreted through the kidneys. Adjustments may be necessary for patients with severe organ dysfunction. - **Allergies**: People with known **hypersensitivity** to any component of the formulation, such as **Metronidazole**, **Neomycin**, **Nystatin**, or **Polymyxin B**, should avoid its use. A prior skin test for **Neomycin** sensitivity may be suggested if the patient is unsure of an allergy. - **Infections or Inflammatory Conditions**: Patients with **vaginal or systemic infections** or **inflammatory conditions** should discuss any pre-existing conditions (e.g., **systemic fungal infections**) before using this treatment. - **Prolonged Use**: Prolonged use of **Neomycin** (an aminoglycoside) in high doses may lead to **ototoxicity** (hearing loss) or **nephrotoxicity** (kidney damage). Therefore, prolonged application should be avoided, and monitoring should be carried out during therapy. - **Interaction with Other Medications**: It’s important to discuss all current medications with a healthcare provider, as the combination of **Neomycin** with other medications, such as **loop diuretics**, could increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.

Indication

The combination of **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B Vaginal Preparation** is prescribed for the treatment of various **vaginal infections**. It is commonly used for: - **Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)**: **Metronidazole** effectively treats **bacterial vaginosis**, a condition caused by an imbalance in vaginal bacteria. It addresses the bacterial infection that leads to **unusual discharge** and an unpleasant odor. - **Fungal Infections**: **Nystatin**, an **antifungal** agent, is used to treat **Candida** species, responsible for **vaginal yeast infections** (vaginal candidiasis). - **Polymicrobial Infections**: The combination of **Neomycin** and **Polymyxin B** provides coverage for a range of **bacterial pathogens**, including **Gram-negative** and **Gram-positive** bacteria, making this combination suitable for treating mixed infections in the vaginal area. - **Topical Treatment for Vaginal Infections**: This preparation targets both **bacterial** and **fungal** infections simultaneously, providing **synergistic treatment** for mixed infections caused by both bacteria and fungi.

Contra indication

This combination is contraindicated in certain cases, including: - **Hypersensitivity**: Any known **allergy** to **Metronidazole**, **Neomycin**, **Nystatin**, or **Polymyxin B** should prevent the use of this vaginal preparation. A **skin test** for **Neomycin** sensitivity may be necessary if the patient is unsure of their allergy status. - **Pregnancy**: It is advised to avoid the use of this medication during the **first trimester** of pregnancy unless directed by a healthcare provider. The potential risks of the ingredients during early pregnancy should be weighed carefully. - **Renal Impairment**: **Polymyxin B** and **Neomycin** are primarily excreted through the kidneys, so the medication is contraindicated in patients with **severe renal impairment**. These antibiotics may cause additional toxicity in individuals with kidney dysfunction. - **Viral Infections**: **Nystatin** should not be used for viral infections, and the preparation should not be used in conditions like **herpes simplex** infection unless specifically indicated.

Side Effect

The side effects of **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B Vaginal Preparation** can vary, and both local and systemic effects are possible: - **Vaginal Irritation**: Patients may experience local irritation or **burning** at the application site, particularly during the first few days of use. - **Vaginal Discharge**: Increased **vaginal discharge** may occur, though this is usually not harmful. If the discharge becomes **foul-smelling** or **unusual**, medical advice should be sought. - **Abdominal Pain**: Mild **abdominal cramping** or **bloating** may occur during treatment. - **Systemic Effects of Metronidazole**: Though rare with vaginal use, **Metronidazole** can cause side effects such as **headache**, **nausea**, **dizziness**, or **taste disturbances**. - **Allergic Reactions**: **Severe allergic reactions** such as **rash**, **hives**, **swelling of the face**, or **trouble breathing** may occur. If these happen, immediate medical attention is required. - **Nephrotoxicity**: Prolonged or excessive use of **Neomycin** can lead to kidney damage (**nephrotoxicity**) or **hearing loss** (ototoxicity). Although this is unlikely with short-term vaginal use, patients should avoid prolonged or excessive application. - **Fungal Infections**: In some cases, **Nystatin** may promote the growth of **non-Candida fungi**, causing secondary infections, though this is uncommon.

Pregnancy Category ID

13

Mode of Action

The combination of **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B** works through the following mechanisms: - **Metronidazole**: It inhibits **DNA synthesis** in anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa, effectively treating **bacterial vaginosis** and some mixed infections. - **Neomycin Sulphate**: An **aminoglycoside antibiotic**, **Neomycin** works by binding to the **ribosome** in **bacteria**, inhibiting protein synthesis and leading to bacterial cell death. It is effective against both **Gram-positive** and **Gram-negative** bacteria. - **Nystatin**: **Nystatin** is an **antifungal** that binds to the **ergosterol** in fungal cell membranes, creating pores and leading to cell death, particularly effective against **Candida** species. - **Polymyxin B**: **Polymyxin B** targets the **cell membranes of Gram-negative bacteria**, disrupting their integrity and causing leakage of intracellular contents, which results in bacterial death.

Interaction

Several drug interactions are possible when using **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B Vaginal Preparation**: - **Alcohol**: **Metronidazole** can cause a **disulfiram-like reaction** with alcohol, leading to **severe nausea**, **vomiting**, **flushing**, and **headache**. Patients should avoid alcohol during the treatment and for 48 hours after. - **Warfarin**: **Metronidazole** can potentiate the effects of **warfarin**, increasing the risk of **bleeding**. Regular monitoring of **INR** levels is recommended if the patient is on **warfarin**. - **Corticosteroids**: Use of **corticosteroids** in combination with **Nystatin** and **Neomycin** may lead to increased systemic absorption of the **steroid**, potentially increasing the risk of **adverse effects** like **Cushing’s syndrome**. - **Aminoglycosides**: The combination of **Neomycin** with other **aminoglycosides** (such as **gentamicin** or **tobramycin**) can increase the risk of **ototoxicity** and **nephrotoxicity**. Caution is advised when combining with other **nephrotoxic** drugs. - **Cyclosporine**: **Cyclosporine** may interact with **Neomycin**, increasing the risk of kidney damage. Patients on **immunosuppressive therapy** should have renal function monitored during use of this vaginal preparation.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

For **adult females**, the typical regimen for **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B Vaginal Preparation** is: - Insert **1 vaginal suppository or cream** at bedtime, usually for **7 days**. The frequency and duration may vary depending on the severity of the infection and the physician's recommendation. - For **bacterial vaginosis** or **vaginal infections**, it is typically used once daily at bedtime, and patients are encouraged to follow the prescribed course to prevent recurrence.

Child Dose

The use of **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B Vaginal Preparation** in children is generally not recommended unless specifically prescribed by a healthcare provider. Pediatric dosing has not been well-studied, and its safety and efficacy in children, especially for **prepubescent girls**, have not been established. Alternative treatments should be considered for younger patients. It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider prior to initiating any treatment to ensure that this medication is appropriate for the individual patient’s condition.

Renal Dose

For patients with **renal impairment**, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before using **Metronidazole + Neomycin Sulphate + Nystatin + Polymyxin B Vaginal Preparation**, as **Neomycin** and **Polymyxin B** are primarily excreted through the kidneys. Patients with **severe renal disease** should be carefully monitored for signs of **nephrotoxicity** and **ototoxicity**.

Administration

Information not available