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Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Boerhaavia diffusa (Punarnava mool), Tribulus terrestris (Gokhru fruit)is available in the market in concentration

Name

Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU

Precaution

Before receiving the **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider. The following precautions should be considered: - **Allergic Reactions**: Individuals with a known allergy to any components of the vaccine, including **yeast** or **other ingredients**, should not receive this vaccine. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include **swelling**, **hives**, and **difficulty breathing**. - **Pregnancy and Breastfeeding**: The vaccine is generally safe during **pregnancy** and **breastfeeding**, but it should be administered during pregnancy only when deemed necessary by the healthcare provider, particularly in the second or third trimesters. - **Previous Vaccine Reactions**: If an individual has had a **severe allergic reaction** or a **neurological issue** after a previous dose of **diphtheria** or **tetanus vaccine**, a careful assessment must be made to determine whether this vaccine is suitable. - **Immunocompromised Patients**: Those with **weakened immune systems** (due to HIV, cancer treatment, or organ transplantation) should discuss vaccination with their healthcare provider, as their immune response may be less robust. - **Moderate to Severe Illness**: If a person is experiencing a **moderate or severe illness**, especially with **fever**, the vaccine may be postponed until the person recovers. Mild illnesses such as a **cold** or **low-grade fever** generally do not require delaying the vaccine.

Indication

The **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine is used to prevent **diphtheria** and **tetanus**. Both diseases are serious, potentially life-threatening conditions: - **Diphtheria**: A bacterial infection that primarily affects the throat and respiratory system, causing difficulty breathing, heart failure, and even death if untreated. This vaccine helps to generate immunity against **Corynebacterium diphtheriae**, the bacteria responsible for the disease. - **Tetanus**: Caused by a **neurotoxin** produced by *Clostridium tetani*, tetanus leads to **muscle stiffness** and spasms, particularly affecting the jaw (leading to **lockjaw**) and can be fatal if not treated promptly. The vaccine provides immunity against this life-threatening condition. The vaccine is commonly given as part of routine childhood immunization and can also serve as a **booster** for adults and individuals at risk for exposure to these diseases.

Contra indication

There are specific situations in which the **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine should not be administered: - **Severe Allergic Reactions**: If a person has had a severe allergic reaction (such as **anaphylaxis**) to any component of the vaccine, including **diphtheria toxoid** or **tetanus toxoid**, they should not receive this vaccine. - **History of Severe Neurological Disorders**: If an individual has previously experienced a **neurological disorder** like **encephalopathy**, **seizures**, or **Guillain-Barré syndrome** following the administration of a similar vaccine, they should avoid receiving this combination vaccine. - **Severe Immunocompromised States**: Patients who have **severe immune deficiency** or **HIV/AIDS** may not respond well to the vaccine, and the decision to vaccinate should be discussed with a healthcare provider. - **Moderate or Severe Illness**: The vaccine is contraindicated if the individual is currently experiencing a **moderate or severe illness**, particularly with **fever**. However, a mild illness (like a **cold**) is not usually a contraindication.

Side Effect

The **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine may cause some side effects, most of which are mild and resolve on their own: - **Common Side Effects**: - **Pain, Redness, or Swelling** at the injection site. - **Low-grade fever**. - **Fatigue or tiredness**. - **Headache**. - **Loss of appetite**. - **Muscle pain** or **joint pain**. - **Serious Side Effects** (rare): - **Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)**: Symptoms may include **difficulty breathing**, **swelling of the face or throat**, or **hives**. - **Severe neurological reactions**: Such as **seizures** or **encephalopathy** (brain inflammation), though these are extremely rare. - **Persistent crying in infants**: If a child cries persistently for more than 3 hours, medical attention should be sought. - **Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)**: A rare condition in which the body's immune system attacks its own nerves, potentially leading to paralysis. Any severe or unusual reactions should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately.

Pregnancy Category ID

3

Mode of Action

The **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine works by stimulating the body’s **immune system** to produce an immune response to the toxins produced by **Corynebacterium diphtheriae** (diphtheria) and **Clostridium tetani** (tetanus): - **Diphtheria Toxoid**: The inactivated **diphtheria toxin** triggers the production of antibodies that neutralize the toxin, thus preventing the potentially life-threatening effects of **diphtheria** infection. - **Tetanus Toxoid**: Similarly, the inactivated **tetanus toxin** encourages the body to produce antibodies that protect against the effects of **tetanus**, including **muscle spasms** and **paralysis** caused by the toxin. When the vaccine is administered, the **immune system** "remembers" how to fight off the disease in case of future exposure, providing **long-lasting protection** without causing the diseases.

Interaction

The **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine may interact with certain other treatments or conditions: - **Immunosuppressive Therapy**: **Immunosuppressive drugs** such as **corticosteroids** or **chemotherapy** can reduce the body’s immune response to the vaccine. Individuals on these medications should discuss vaccination timing with their healthcare provider. - **Other Vaccines**: This vaccine is often co-administered with other routine **childhood vaccines** (e.g., **pertussis** vaccine or **Hib vaccine**) as part of a comprehensive vaccination schedule. There are generally no significant interactions when administered together. - **Blood Products**: If a person has recently received **immunoglobulin therapy** or a **blood transfusion**, it may interfere with the vaccine’s effectiveness, especially for **Hepatitis B** immunization (if included in combination vaccines). A delay in vaccination might be recommended in these cases. - **Antibiotics**: There are no significant interactions with **antibiotics**; however, individuals on **immunosuppressive drugs** may require special consideration.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

For adults, the **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine is usually administered as a **booster** dose after an initial vaccination series in childhood. The recommended dose is: - **Primary Immunization**: This is typically given in combination with other vaccines as part of the routine **childhood vaccination schedule**. - **Booster Doses**: The **booster dose** for adults is generally recommended every **10 years** after the initial series of vaccinations. Adults at higher risk of **diphtheria** or **tetanus exposure** (e.g., healthcare workers, travelers) may receive more frequent boosters if advised by their healthcare provider.

Child Dose

For children, this vaccine is a key component of the routine **childhood immunization schedule**: - **First Doses**: Typically given at **2, 4, and 6 months of age**, often as part of a **combined vaccine** (such as DTP or DTaP). - **Booster Doses**: A **booster** dose is usually administered at **15-18 months** and then again at **4-6 years** of age. This vaccine can also be given in combination with other vaccines like **pertussis** or **polio** vaccines. The timing and number of doses may vary based on the specific vaccination schedule followed in different countries or regions.

Renal Dose

No specific dosage adjustments are needed for individuals with **renal impairment**. The **Diphtheria Toxoid 30 IU + Tetanus Toxoid 40 IU** vaccine can be safely administered to those with **kidney disease** or renal issues, unless contraindicated for other medical reasons.

Administration

Information not available