SYSTANE ULTRA Lubricant Price

Overview

Welcome to Dwaey, specifically on SYSTANE ULTRA Lubricant page.
This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Boric acid, Hydroxy propyl guar, Polyethylene glycol (400), Potassium chloride, Propylene glycol, Sodium chloride, Sorbitolis available in the market in concentration

Name

Dextrose Hydrous + Sodium Chloride + Sodium Lactate + Calcium chloride + Magnesium chloride (Peritoneal dialysis solution)

Precaution

Before using a **Peritoneal Dialysis Solution** containing **Dextrose Hydrous, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Lactate, Calcium Chloride, and Magnesium Chloride**, patients should always consult their healthcare provider to ensure the treatment is suitable for their specific condition. The following precautions are essential: - **Electrolyte Imbalance**: The solution contains various electrolytes, such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium, which can alter the **electrolyte balance** in the body. Regular monitoring of **serum electrolyte levels** is necessary to prevent complications like **hyponatremia** or **hyperkalemia**. - **Kidney Function**: Although this solution is used for **dialysis**, patients should be closely monitored for any signs of **impaired kidney function** or **fluid retention**, especially if there is a significant shift in fluid balance. - **Cardiovascular Health**: Patients with a history of **heart disease** or **hypertension** should be monitored carefully, as the changes in fluid and electrolyte balance may affect cardiac function. - **Peritonitis Risk**: Infection is a potential risk with **peritoneal dialysis**, so sterile techniques must be strictly adhered to during the procedure. Any signs of infection, such as **fever**, **abdominal tenderness**, or **discharge from the catheter**, should be immediately addressed. - **Diabetic Patients**: For individuals with **diabetes**, the dextrose component of the solution can be absorbed into the bloodstream, potentially increasing blood glucose levels. Frequent monitoring of **blood glucose** is recommended, and adjustments to insulin or diabetic medications may be necessary. - **Liver Function**: Patients with compromised **liver function** should be evaluated carefully, as impaired hepatic metabolism may affect the handling of the components of the solution, particularly the **lactate**.

Indication

This **peritoneal dialysis solution** is prescribed primarily for patients with **chronic kidney disease (CKD)** or **end-stage renal disease (ESRD)** who require dialysis to manage fluid and electrolyte imbalances when the kidneys are unable to perform these functions adequately. Its indications include: - **Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)**: It is used in **peritoneal dialysis** for patients who have progressive kidney failure, helping to remove waste products and excess fluids when the kidneys no longer function sufficiently. - **End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)**: This solution is utilized for **dialysis** in patients with ESRD, providing a method to manage complications like **uremia** and **fluid overload**. - **Electrolyte and Fluid Imbalance**: The solution helps correct **electrolyte imbalances** (e.g., sodium, calcium, magnesium) that may arise in patients undergoing dialysis. It helps to control **acid-base balance** by using **lactate** as a buffer to neutralize **acidosis**. - **Peritoneal Dialysis Procedure**: The solution is infused into the peritoneal cavity and works through a process of diffusion and osmosis, allowing for the removal of waste products and excess fluids.

Contra indication

There are several conditions where **peritoneal dialysis solutions** should not be used, including: - **Peritonitis**: Patients with an active **peritoneal infection** or **peritonitis** (inflammation of the peritoneum) should not use this solution, as it could exacerbate the infection. - **Recent Abdominal Surgery**: After recent **abdominal surgery** or procedures that affect the abdominal cavity (e.g., **bowel resection**), peritoneal dialysis should be avoided due to the risk of **peritoneal damage** or **infection**. - **Abdominal Hernia**: Patients with **abdominal hernias** should not undergo peritoneal dialysis as the solution may exacerbate hernia formation or lead to complications. - **Severe Abdominal Adhesions**: In patients with extensive **abdominal adhesions** (scarring of the abdominal tissues), peritoneal dialysis may not be effective or could cause discomfort and complications. - **Intestinal Obstruction**: The use of this dialysis solution is contraindicated in patients with **intestinal obstruction** as it may exacerbate the condition or increase the risk of complications.

Side Effect

Common and serious side effects associated with the use of this **peritoneal dialysis solution** include: - **Common Side Effects**: - **Abdominal Discomfort**: Patients may experience **abdominal bloating**, **pain**, or discomfort, particularly during or after dialysis. - **Infection**: **Peritonitis**, an infection of the peritoneal cavity, is a significant risk in patients using peritoneal dialysis. Signs of infection include **fever**, **abdominal tenderness**, or **cloudy dialysate fluid**. - **Electrolyte Imbalances**: As the solution contains sodium, calcium, magnesium, and lactate, **electrolyte disturbances** such as **hyponatremia** (low sodium), **hyperkalemia** (high potassium), or **hypercalcemia** (high calcium) may occur. - **Serious Side Effects**: - **Hyperglycemia**: Due to the dextrose in the solution, **elevated blood glucose levels** may occur, especially in patients with diabetes, potentially leading to **diabetic complications**. - **Hypotension**: Changes in fluid and electrolyte balance can cause **hypotension** (low blood pressure), particularly if there is **excessive fluid removal** during dialysis. - **Fluid Overload**: Inadequate fluid removal or an excess of the dialysate fluid can result in **fluid retention**, leading to **edema** and possibly **heart failure**. - **Peritoneal Fibrosis**: Chronic use of peritoneal dialysis solutions may lead to the development of **peritoneal fibrosis** (scarring of the peritoneal membrane), potentially reducing the effectiveness of dialysis over time.

Pregnancy Category ID

0

Mode of Action

This **peritoneal dialysis solution** works through a process of **osmosis** and **diffusion** to help remove excess fluids and waste products from the blood in patients with kidney failure. The primary mechanism of action is: - **Osmosis**: The dextrose in the solution creates an osmotic gradient across the peritoneal membrane, drawing excess **fluid** from the bloodstream into the peritoneal cavity. This process helps manage fluid balance. - **Diffusion**: Waste products (e.g., **urea**, **creatinine**) and **electrolytes** move from the blood into the dialysis fluid across the peritoneal membrane, allowing for their removal. - **Electrolyte Regulation**: The sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and sodium lactate components help to **maintain electrolyte balance**, addressing imbalances that arise due to renal dysfunction. - **Acid-Base Balance**: Sodium lactate acts as a **buffer**, neutralizing **acidosis** in patients with kidney failure by converting to **bicarbonate** in the bloodstream.

Interaction

Several drug and condition interactions should be considered when using this solution for peritoneal dialysis: - **Diuretics**: When used with **diuretics**, the fluid and electrolyte shifts caused by peritoneal dialysis may enhance or alter the effect of diuretic medications, potentially leading to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances. - **Insulin**: The **dextrose** in the solution can be absorbed, leading to an increase in **blood glucose levels**. Patients with **diabetes** may need to adjust insulin doses to manage hyperglycemia. - **Calcium Channel Blockers**: The **calcium** in the solution may interact with **calcium channel blockers** (e.g., **amlodipine**) to influence **blood pressure** and **electrolyte levels**, requiring monitoring of **serum calcium levels**. - **Magnesium-containing Medications**: Since the solution contains **magnesium**, concurrent use of **magnesium supplements** or medications that affect magnesium levels (e.g., **antacids**, **laxatives**) may lead to **hypermagnesemia**. - **Lithium**: The changes in fluid balance associated with peritoneal dialysis can affect **lithium** levels, increasing the risk of **toxicity**. Monitoring **serum lithium levels** is essential. - **Anticoagulants**: There may be an increased risk of bleeding if the patient is on **anticoagulants** such as **warfarin**, particularly with any inadvertent **intraperitoneal bleeding**. Close monitoring of **blood coagulation parameters** is necessary.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

The specific dose of **peritoneal dialysis solution** varies depending on the individual’s condition, fluid status, and dialysis prescription. Typically, the volume ranges from **1.5 L to 3 L** per exchange, depending on the size and needs of the patient. The exchange cycle can range from **3 to 5 times per day**, or as prescribed by the healthcare provider.

Child Dose

Pediatric dosing is tailored to the child’s body size and clinical condition. Generally, the volume of dialysate used in **peritoneal dialysis** is calculated based on the child’s **body weight** and needs. Pediatric patients may require **smaller volumes** and fewer exchanges compared to adults, typically starting with **1–1.5 L per exchange**. The healthcare provider will adjust dosing based on the child’s fluid and electrolyte requirements.

Renal Dose

Since this solution is specifically for dialysis, **no renal dose adjustments** are necessary. However, careful monitoring of fluid balance and electrolytes is required to avoid complications such as **overhydration** or **electrolyte imbalances**.

Administration

Information not available