Ketorolac Tromethamine

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Generic Name of Ketorolac Tromethamine - Learn More

Ketorolac Tromethamine

Ketorolac Tromethamine Precaution - What You Need to Know

Ketorolac Tromethamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used primarily for pain management. Before using this medication, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider, particularly if you have a history of gastrointestinal disorders (such as ulcers or bleeding), cardiovascular diseases (like heart failure, hypertension, or stroke), kidney disease, or liver dysfunction. Prolonged use or high doses may increase the risk of kidney or liver toxicity. Additionally, NSAIDs, including ketorolac, should not be used in the last trimester of pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus, including premature closure of the ductus arteriosus. Ketorolac should also be avoided in breastfeeding unless absolutely necessary, as it can pass into breast milk. Regular monitoring of renal function and gastrointestinal health is advised, particularly with long-term use.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Indication - Uses and Benefits

Ketorolac Tromethamine is primarily used to manage moderate to severe short-term pain, typically following surgery or injury. It is effective in treating:
- Post-operative pain: Often used after dental surgery, orthopedic procedures, or other surgeries requiring pain relief.
- Acute pain: For short-term management of moderate pain that may not require opioid medication.
It is generally not recommended for long-term use due to its potential adverse effects on the gastrointestinal and renal systems. Ketorolac is also used in other off-label contexts for managing conditions like acute musculoskeletal pain or for short-term relief of severe headaches. It is available in both oral and injectable forms.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Contraindications - Important Warnings

Ketorolac Tromethamine is contraindicated in patients who have:
- Active peptic ulcer disease or history of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation.
- Severe renal impairment or a history of renal disease, due to its potential to worsen kidney function.
- Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs or aspirin, as these may trigger allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis or severe skin reactions.
- During the third trimester of pregnancy, as it may harm the fetus.
- In patients with bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia) or those using anticoagulants due to increased bleeding risk.
Ketorolac should not be used concurrently with other NSAIDs, including ibuprofen or naproxen, due to an increased risk of adverse effects.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Side Effects - What to Expect

Common side effects of Ketorolac Tromethamine include:
- Gastrointestinal distress: Such as nausea, dyspepsia, stomach pain, or constipation. More serious side effects may include ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Renal effects: Including fluid retention, edema, and worsening kidney function in patients with pre-existing kidney disease.
- Cardiovascular effects: Such as increased blood pressure, heart failure, and stroke, particularly with long-term use.
- Allergic reactions: Symptoms such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing may occur.
- Headache or dizziness: May occur in some individuals.
If you experience any signs of gastrointestinal bleeding (black, tarry stools, or vomiting blood), severe allergic reactions (swelling of the face or throat), or signs of kidney problems (reduced urine output), seek medical attention immediately.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Pregnancy Category ID - Safety Information

3

Ketorolac Tromethamine Mode of Action - How It Works

Ketorolac Tromethamine works by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2). These enzymes are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are chemicals that mediate pain, inflammation, and fever. By inhibiting COX enzymes, ketorolac reduces the production of prostaglandins at the site of injury or inflammation, thereby providing analgesic (pain-relieving) and anti-inflammatory effects. Ketorolac, like other NSAIDs, has anti-inflammatory properties, but it is particularly effective for managing moderate to severe pain due to its potent action and ability to reduce swelling and inflammation.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Drug Interactions - What to Avoid

Ketorolac Tromethamine can interact with several other medications, and it is important to inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking:
- Anticoagulants: When used with blood thinners (e.g., warfarin, heparin), ketorolac increases the risk of bleeding and bruising.
- Other NSAIDs or Aspirin: Concurrent use with other NSAIDs may increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding, and kidney issues.
- Diuretics and ACE inhibitors: These medications, often used to manage hypertension, may have reduced efficacy when combined with ketorolac, potentially leading to kidney issues.
- Lithium: Ketorolac may increase lithium levels, leading to toxicity.
- Methotrexate: Ketorolac can increase the toxicity of methotrexate, increasing the risk of liver and kidney damage.
To avoid significant interactions, you should consult your doctor about all prescription and over-the-counter medications, including herbal supplements and NSAIDs.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Pregnancy Category Note - Key Information

Pregnancy category: C; D in third trimester (may cause premature closure of ductus arteriosus)

Ketorolac Tromethamine Adult Dose - Recommended Dosage

The dosing for Ketorolac Tromethamine in adults depends on the form and the condition being treated:
- Oral tablets: The typical starting dose is 10 mg every 4-6 hours, not exceeding 40 mg per day.
- Injectable form: In cases of moderate to severe pain, an initial dose of 30 mg can be administered, followed by 15-30 mg every 6 hours as needed. The total dose should not exceed 120 mg per day for more than 5 days.
- Duration of therapy: Ketorolac is typically prescribed for short-term use (5 days or less) due to the potential risks associated with prolonged NSAID therapy.
Always follow the exact dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider, and do not exceed the recommended dose to minimize the risk of side effects.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Child Dose - Dosage for Children

Ketorolac Tromethamine is generally not recommended for use in children under 2 years old. In children over 2 years, the dosing may vary depending on the child’s weight and the condition being treated:
- Oral administration: Doses are typically based on weight, with a recommended dose of 0.5 mg/kg every 6-8 hours, not to exceed 30 mg per day.
- Injectable form: 0.5 mg/kg every 6 hours, with a maximum daily dose of 90 mg for children over 2 years of age.
As with any medication, the use of Ketorolac in pediatric patients requires close supervision and should be done under the guidance of a pediatrician to ensure safety and appropriateness. Always adhere to the prescribed dosage and duration of use.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Renal Dose - Dosage for Kidney Conditions

For patients with renal impairment, the use of Ketorolac Tromethamine should be carefully monitored:
- Mild renal impairment: Dose adjustments may not be necessary, but close monitoring of renal function is still recommended.
- Moderate to severe renal impairment: Ketorolac should generally be avoided in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment. If it must be used, the dose should be reduced, and the duration of use should be limited.
- Monitoring: Regular monitoring of kidney function (creatinine clearance, BUN) is recommended, especially for long-term use or in patients with pre-existing kidney disease.