Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Welcome to Dwaey, specifically on Fexofenadine Hydrochloride page.
This medicine contains important and useful components, as it consists of
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is available in the market in concentration.
Generic Name of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride - Learn More
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Precaution - What You Need to Know
Fexofenadine hydrochloride is a second-generation antihistamine used primarily to treat allergy symptoms such as rhinitis and urticaria. Although it is considered safer than first-generation antihistamines, some precautions should be taken when using this medication. In patients with a history of severe liver or kidney impairment, dosage adjustments or alternative treatments may be necessary, as fexofenadine is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. It is important to ensure renal function is adequately monitored in these populations. Fexofenadine is generally safe during pregnancy, but it should only be used when the potential benefits outweigh the risks, especially in the first trimester. Breastfeeding mothers should use caution, as the drug may be excreted in breast milk, though its effect on nursing infants is minimal. The use of fexofenadine in children under 6 years old should be avoided unless advised by a healthcare provider. Alcohol should be avoided as it can exacerbate drowsiness or dizziness, although fexofenadine has a relatively low sedative effect compared to other antihistamines. Additionally, fexofenadine can interact with fruit juices, particularly grapefruit, apple, and orange juice, which can reduce its absorption. It is advised to avoid consuming these juices when taking fexofenadine.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Indication - Uses and Benefits
Fexofenadine hydrochloride is primarily indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and chronic urticaria (hives). For seasonal allergic rhinitis, it helps alleviate symptoms such as sneezing, runny or itchy nose, and watery eyes. For chronic idiopathic urticaria, it reduces the appearance and discomfort of hives and itching. Fexofenadine works by blocking histamine receptors in the body, which are responsible for the allergic symptoms. It is particularly beneficial because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier as much as first-generation antihistamines, meaning it is less likely to cause drowsiness. In terms of evidence-based use, fexofenadine is considered a first-line treatment for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria due to its effectiveness and minimal sedative side effects. Off-label, fexofenadine has occasionally been used for the treatment of other types of allergic conditions, such as allergic conjunctivitis (eye allergies), though this is less common.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Contraindications - Important Warnings
Fexofenadine hydrochloride should be avoided in individuals who have known hypersensitivity or an allergy to fexofenadine or any of its components. This includes individuals who have experienced an allergic reaction to other antihistamines or similar medications. Patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance below 10 mL/min) may also need to avoid fexofenadine, as it is primarily excreted through the kidneys, and impaired renal function could lead to increased plasma concentrations of the drug, potentially increasing the risk of side effects. Fexofenadine should not be combined with certain medications that alter its metabolism, such as ketoconazole or erythromycin, without guidance from a healthcare provider, as these drugs can increase the levels of fexofenadine in the bloodstream. While the drug is generally safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding, it should only be used when the benefits outweigh the risks, and it should be avoided in the first trimester unless specifically directed by a healthcare provider.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Side Effects - What to Expect
Fexofenadine is generally well-tolerated, with a lower incidence of sedative and anticholinergic side effects compared to first-generation antihistamines. However, some side effects may still occur. The most common side effects are mild and include headaches, dizziness, dry mouth, and drowsiness. Although it is considered non-sedating, a small percentage of people may still experience mild drowsiness or fatigue, especially at higher doses. Gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea, indigestion, or abdominal pain, can occur but are usually transient. Rarely, allergic reactions, including skin rash, itching, or swelling of the face or throat, may occur. If these symptoms occur, immediate medical attention should be sought. More severe reactions such as chest tightness, trouble breathing, or severe dizziness should be treated as a medical emergency. Long-term use of fexofenadine does not typically lead to tolerance or significant adverse effects, making it suitable for continuous use in patients with chronic conditions like allergic rhinitis or urticaria. If any severe or persistent side effects occur, a healthcare provider should be consulted.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Pregnancy Category ID - Safety Information
3
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Mode of Action - How It Works
Fexofenadine hydrochloride is a selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist. Histamine is a chemical that is released during allergic reactions and is primarily responsible for causing symptoms such as itching, swelling, and vasodilation. By blocking the histamine receptors in the body, fexofenadine prevents these allergic reactions from manifesting. Unlike first-generation antihistamines, fexofenadine is less likely to cross the blood-brain barrier, which limits its sedative and central nervous system (CNS) effects, making it a non-sedating antihistamine. Fexofenadine binds to peripheral H1 receptors and effectively blocks the actions of histamine, reducing the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria. Its pharmacokinetics involve rapid absorption after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations typically occurring within 2-3 hours. It has a long half-life, allowing for once-daily dosing in most cases. The drug is excreted primarily through the kidneys, and its plasma levels can be affected by kidney function, which is why dose adjustments are necessary for patients with renal impairment.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Drug Interactions - What to Avoid
Fexofenadine may interact with several drugs and substances. As a non-sedating antihistamine, it does not generally interact with alcohol or other CNS depressants in the same way first-generation antihistamines do, but caution should still be used when combining them. Fexofenadine's absorption can be reduced by certain substances, including fruit juices like grapefruit, orange, and apple juice. It is advised to avoid these juices when taking fexofenadine, as they can reduce its bioavailability. Fexofenadine should not be taken with certain drugs, such as antacids containing aluminum or magnesium, as they can reduce the absorption of the drug. If an antacid is required, it should be taken at least 2 hours apart from fexofenadine. Some drugs that affect liver enzymes, such as ketoconazole or erythromycin, can increase the concentration of fexofenadine in the bloodstream. In such cases, dose adjustments may be necessary, and the patient should be closely monitored for side effects. Additionally, fexofenadine should not be used in combination with other antihistamines, either prescription or over-the-counter, to avoid overdose or increased side effects.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Adult Dose - Recommended Dosage
For adults, the usual dose of fexofenadine hydrochloride is 60 mg twice daily or 180 mg once daily for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis or chronic idiopathic urticaria. The 180 mg dose is typically reserved for adults who require a stronger antihistamine effect. Fexofenadine should be taken with water, not with fruit juices, to ensure optimal absorption. If the patient has a history of renal impairment, particularly with a creatinine clearance less than 80 mL/min, a dose reduction may be necessary, and the dose should be adjusted according to individual tolerance. The medication is usually taken on an empty stomach to avoid interactions with food that could affect its absorption. The duration of treatment can vary, but it is generally safe for extended use, especially in chronic allergic conditions, under the guidance of a healthcare provider. If the patient experiences any side effects or no relief from symptoms after several days of use, they should consult their healthcare provider.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Child Dose - Dosage for Children
For children, fexofenadine hydrochloride dosages vary depending on the age and condition being treated. For children aged 6 to 11 years, the recommended dose is usually 30 mg twice daily for seasonal allergic rhinitis or chronic urticaria. For children aged 12 years and older, the adult dose of 60 mg twice daily or 180 mg once daily may be used. Fexofenadine is not recommended for children under 6 years old unless advised by a healthcare provider, and specific dosage recommendations should be followed based on the child’s age and health condition. As with adults, pediatric patients should avoid taking fexofenadine with fruit juices such as orange, grapefruit, or apple juice, which can reduce its absorption. Regular monitoring is recommended to assess the effectiveness of the medication and watch for any adverse effects.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Renal Dose - Dosage for Kidney Conditions
For individuals with renal impairment, fexofenadine hydrochloride should be used with caution, as it is primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys. In patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance of 30–60 mL/min), the recommended dose is typically 60 mg once daily. For those with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min), the dosage should be reduced to 60 mg every other day or an alternative antihistamine may be considered. Renal function should be monitored regularly in these patients, as impaired renal function can result in the accumulation of the drug in the bloodstream, potentially leading to an increased risk of side effects. Patients with end-stage renal disease or on dialysis may require further dosage adjustments or alternative treatment.
