Terbinafine

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Generic Name of Terbinafine - Learn More

Terbinafine

Terbinafine Precaution - What You Need to Know

Before starting Terbinafine, it is important to consult a healthcare provider due to the following precautions:
- Liver Function: Terbinafine is metabolized in the liver, and there is a risk of liver toxicity. It should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing liver disease or liver dysfunction. Liver function tests should be performed before starting the treatment and periodically during treatment. If symptoms of liver dysfunction (e.g., yellowing of skin or eyes, dark urine, loss of appetite) occur, therapy should be discontinued immediately.
- Renal Impairment: Patients with renal impairment (e.g., severe kidney disease) may require a dose adjustment as Terbinafine is excreted through the kidneys. Caution is advised in such patients, and regular renal function monitoring is necessary.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Terbinafine is classified as Category B for pregnancy, meaning it is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but should only be used if necessary. It is excreted in breast milk, and therefore breastfeeding mothers should consult their healthcare provider before use.
- Allergic Reactions: Terbinafine can cause allergic reactions in some people, including rashes, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If any severe allergic reactions occur, treatment should be stopped, and medical help should be sought.
- Autoimmune Disorders: Caution should be exercised when using Terbinafine in patients with autoimmune conditions like lupus or psoriasis. It may exacerbate these conditions.

Terbinafine Indication - Uses and Benefits

Terbinafine is used to treat various fungal infections, including:
- Onychomycosis: A fungal infection of the nails caused by dermatophytes, which Terbinafine treats by inhibiting the growth of the fungi.
- Tinea Corporis: Fungal infections of the skin, commonly referred to as ringworm.
- Tinea Cruris: Fungal infections in the groin area (also known as jock itch).
- Tinea Pedis: Athlete’s foot, which is caused by dermatophytes on the feet.
- Tinea Versicolor: A fungal infection of the skin caused by Malassezia species.
- Candidiasis: Terbinafine is sometimes used for superficial infections caused by Candida species when topical treatments are ineffective.

Terbinafine Contraindications - Important Warnings

Terbinafine should not be used in the following cases:
- Hypersensitivity: Contraindicated in patients who have a known allergy to Terbinafine or any components of the formulation. This may result in severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis.
- Liver Disease: Patients with severe liver dysfunction or chronic liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis) should avoid using Terbinafine, as it can cause liver toxicity.
- Renal Failure: Terbinafine should be used with caution in patients with severe renal failure, as the drug is excreted via the kidneys.
- Pregnancy (First Trimester): Although Terbinafine is generally considered safe during pregnancy, it should be avoided during the first trimester unless absolutely necessary, due to lack of extensive studies on its safety during this period.

Terbinafine Side Effects - What to Expect

Terbinafine is generally well tolerated, but like any medication, it may cause side effects. These include:
- Common Side Effects:
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or loss of appetite are common.
- Rashes: Skin reactions, such as a mild rash or itching, may occur.
- Headache: Some individuals experience headaches during treatment.
- Taste Disturbances: A temporary altered taste or loss of taste may occur in some individuals, which typically resolves after discontinuation of therapy.

- Serious Side Effects:
- Liver Toxicity: Rarely, Terbinafine can cause liver damage, leading to jaundice, dark urine, or elevated liver enzymes. Liver function should be monitored regularly during treatment.
- Blood Disorders: There is a rare risk of neutropenia (low white blood cell count) or thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), which can lead to increased susceptibility to infections or bleeding.
- Severe Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis, angioedema, or severe rashes can occur, requiring immediate discontinuation of therapy.
- Psychiatric Effects: Rarely, Terbinafine may cause mood changes, depression, or hallucinations.
- SJS/TEN: A rare but serious side effect includes Stevens-Johnson Syndrome or Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, which involves blistering of the skin and mucous membranes, and requires emergency medical attention.

Terbinafine Pregnancy Category ID - Safety Information

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Terbinafine Mode of Action - How It Works

Terbinafine is an allylamine antifungal. It works by inhibiting an enzyme called squalene epoxidase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of the fungal cell membrane. By blocking this enzyme, Terbinafine disrupts the synthesis of ergosterol, leading to the accumulation of toxic squalene within the fungal cell. This results in the weakening of the fungal cell membrane and eventually the death of the fungal cell. It is effective against a broad range of dermatophytes, yeasts, and fungi.

Terbinafine Drug Interactions - What to Avoid

Terbinafine may interact with other medications, which can impact its efficacy or increase the risk of adverse effects:
- CYP450 Inhibitors: Terbinafine is metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme, and drugs that inhibit this enzyme (e.g., fluoxetine, paroxetine) can increase Terbinafine levels, leading to increased risk of side effects such as liver toxicity.
- Rifampin: Rifampin can decrease Terbinafine concentrations in the blood by inducing liver enzymes, reducing its effectiveness.
- Warfarin: Terbinafine can increase the effects of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Monitoring of INR (International Normalized Ratio) is recommended when used with warfarin.
- Cyclosporine: Co-administration with Cyclosporine may increase Terbinafine blood levels, potentially leading to toxicity. Caution and dose adjustments are required.
- Tricyclic Antidepressants: Combining Terbinafine with tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline) may increase the levels of these drugs, leading to increased side effects.

Terbinafine Adult Dose - Recommended Dosage

The recommended dose for adults varies depending on the type of infection being treated:
- Onychomycosis (Fungal Nail Infection): The typical dose is 250 mg once daily for 6 weeks (fingernail infections) or 12 weeks (toenail infections).
- Tinea Infections (e.g., Athlete’s Foot, Ringworm): The dose is usually 250 mg once daily for 2 to 4 weeks.
- Tinea Cruris or Tinea Pedis: The typical dose is 250 mg daily for 2 to 4 weeks.

Terbinafine Child Dose - Dosage for Children

Terbinafine is not typically recommended for use in children under 2 years of age. For children over 2 years, the dose may vary based on weight and the infection being treated. Generally, a pediatric dose of 250 mg daily can be prescribed for Tinea infections or onychomycosis. A healthcare provider should determine the exact dose for pediatric patients.

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Terbinafine is a highly effective antifungal medication used for treating a range of fungal infections. However, its use requires caution due to the potential for liver toxicity and other serious side effects. Patients should be monitored for signs of adverse effects, especially during prolonged treatment. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting Terbinafine to ensure it is appropriate for your condition and to determine the proper dosage and duration of therapy.

Terbinafine Renal Dose - Dosage for Kidney Conditions

Terbinafine should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. For those with severe renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min), a lower dose may be required or the drug may need to be avoided due to reduced clearance. It is important to adjust the dose or choose alternative therapy in these patients.