20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P. Infusion/Solution for

What is 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

20% w/v Glucose Intravenous Infusion B.P. is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution of Dextrose (glucose) in water intended for intravenous administration. It contains 20 grams of glucose in every 100 ml of solution, packaged in a plastic bag. This hypertonic solution is commonly used in clinical settings to manage energy supply, correct hypoglycemia, and deliver calories to patients who cannot eat orally or require nutritional support via IV.

• Active Ingredient: Dextrose (glucose) monohydrate
• Concentration: 20% weight/volume (w/v)
• Presentation: 100 ml plastic infusion bag
• Route of Administration: Intravenous
• Uses:
  • Treatment of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
  • As a carbohydrate source in parenteral nutrition
  • To provide fluid and caloric support during fasting or coma
  • Adjunctive treatment in certain poisonings or metabolic disorders

This solution is a fundamental component of hospital and emergency medicine, ensuring immediate glucose delivery and caloric support where required.

How to use 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

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Proper administration of 20% Glucose IV Infusion must be performed under medical supervision, typically by trained healthcare professionals. The usage involves controlled intravenous infusion directly into the vein, typically through a peripheral or central venous catheter.

• Route: Intravenous infusion only
• Preparation:
  • Inspect the solution visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration
  • Do not use the solution if the container is damaged or leaking
  • Ensure aseptic technique during administration
• Administration:
  • Use a sterile infusion set
  • Adjust infusion rate according to the patient's clinical condition and fluid balance
  • Monitor blood glucose levels and electrolytes frequently during therapy
• Infusion Rate:
  • Must be individualized based on the patient's metabolic rate and clinical needs
  • Rapid infusion can cause hyperglycemia or fluid overload; rate should be carefully controlled

Always follow local hospital protocols or manufacturer guidelines. This product is not intended for self-administration.

Mode of Action 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

Dextrose, the active component of this solution, is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) that acts as a rapidly available energy source. When administered intravenously, it is rapidly absorbed and metabolized by the body.

• Primary Action:
  • Dextrose enters the bloodstream and is transported into cells by insulin-dependent and insulin-independent glucose transporters
  • Inside the cells, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, producing ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main energy currency of the cell
• Secondary Effects:
  • Supports organ function, especially the brain, which relies almost exclusively on glucose for energy
  • Promotes glycogen storage in the liver and muscles
  • Can have osmotic diuretic effects in large concentrations
• Clinical Impact:
  • Stabilizes blood glucose in hypoglycemic patients
  • Maintains caloric intake during fasting or starvation
  • Enhances cellular energy metabolism in critically ill patients

The hypertonic nature of 20% glucose also draws fluid into the intravascular space, which may be useful or harmful depending on the patient's fluid balance.

20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P. Interactions 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

While glucose itself has limited direct drug interactions, intravenous glucose infusions can affect or be affected by other therapies, especially those influencing blood sugar, electrolytes, or fluid balance.

• Insulin:
  • Concurrent administration may lead to hypoglycemia if glucose delivery does not match insulin dosage
  • Glucose is often co-administered with insulin to manage hyperkalemia or prevent hypoglycemia
• Diuretics:
  • Loop or thiazide diuretics may exacerbate fluid and electrolyte imbalances when used with IV glucose
• Electrolyte Solutions:
  • Co-infusion with solutions lacking electrolytes (such as 20% glucose alone) can dilute plasma electrolytes
  • May require potassium, magnesium, or phosphate supplementation
• Corticosteroids:
  • May increase blood glucose levels, necessitating close glucose monitoring
• Phenytoin:
  • Absorption may be reduced when given with dextrose solutions in Y-site administration

Always consult interaction checkers or hospital pharmacy guidelines before combining glucose infusion with other IV medications.

Dosage of 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

The appropriate dosage of 20% Glucose IV Infusion depends on the patient's individual needs, clinical condition, age, body weight, and glucose metabolism status.

• Adults:
  • Typical dose: 10 to 50 ml as a bolus or slow infusion for hypoglycemia
  • For nutritional support: continuous infusion with dose adjusted according to caloric requirements (usually not exceeding 0.5 g/kg/hr of dextrose)
• Children:
  • Dose should be calculated based on body weight and blood glucose levels
  • Maximum infusion rate: 6–8 mg/kg/min in neonates and children
• In emergencies (e.g., hypoglycemia):
  • Administer 25–50 ml (5–10 g dextrose) slowly IV in adults
  • In children: 0.5–1 g/kg of dextrose, adjusting volume accordingly
• Monitoring:
  • Blood glucose levels must be closely monitored during therapy
  • Adjust infusion rate as needed to maintain glucose within safe limits

Dosage must always be guided by a physician and adjusted according to laboratory parameters and clinical response.

Possible side effects of 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

Although generally well tolerated, 20% glucose infusion can cause several side effects, particularly when administered too rapidly or without appropriate monitoring.

• Common Side Effects:
  • Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
  • Local pain or irritation at the injection site
  • Thrombophlebitis due to hypertonicity
• Serious Side Effects:
  • Fluid overload leading to pulmonary edema, especially in cardiac or renal-compromised patients
  • Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypophosphatemia)
  • Osmotic diuresis and dehydration
  • Allergic reactions (rare)
• Metabolic Complications:
  • Hyperosmolar syndrome in uncontrolled administration
  • Acid-base disturbances if large volumes are given without electrolytes

Immediate medical attention is required for any signs of fluid overload, significant metabolic derangements, or allergic response.

20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P. Contraindications 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

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This solution is contraindicated in patients with certain metabolic or fluid balance disorders where high glucose or fluid administration could be harmful.

• Absolute Contraindications:
  • Hyperglycemia without concurrent insulin therapy
  • Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
  • Hyperosmolar states
  • Severe dehydration without electrolyte replacement
  • Known hypersensitivity to dextrose
• Relative Contraindications:
  • Renal impairment (risk of fluid overload)
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia or hypophosphatemia
  • Cerebral edema or intracranial pressure concerns

Careful clinical evaluation is required before initiating treatment in patients with these conditions.

Storage of 20% w/v GLUCOSE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION B.P.

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Proper storage conditions are essential to ensure the safety, sterility, and effectiveness of 20% glucose IV infusion.

• Temperature:
  • Store below 25°C (77°F)
  • Avoid freezing or exposing to excessive heat
• Protection:
  • Protect from light; store in original packaging
  • Keep away from incompatible chemicals
• Container Integrity:
  • Do not use if the container is damaged or leaking
  • Discard unused portion; do not reuse partially used bags
• Shelf Life:
  • Check the expiry date on the packaging
  • Do not use beyond expiration

Store according to the manufacturer’s instructions to maintain product sterility and efficacy.