RETROVIR 50mg/5ml Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Zidovudineis available in the market in concentration

Name

Zidovudine

Precaution

Severe renal and hepatic impairment. Childn. Pregnancy. Monitoring Parameters Monitor viral load, CD4 count; CBC w/ differential, LFT, lipid, glucose. Observe for appearance of opportunistic infection.

Indication

Cancer therapy-induced hyperuricaemia, HIV infection

Contra indication

Hypersensitivity; abnormally low neutrophil counts (<0.75 x 109/L) or Hb levels (<7.5 g/dL or 4.65 mmol/L); newborn infants w/ hyperbilirubinaemia requiring treatment other than phototherapy, or w/ increased transaminase levels >5 times the ULN. Lactation. Concomitant use w/ interferon alfa (w/ or w/o ribavirin) in HIV and hepatitis B or C virus co-infected patients.

Side Effect

>10% Anemia (23% in children),Anorexia (11%),Diarrhea (17%),Fever (16%),Granulocytopenia (39% in children),Headache, severe (42%),Leukopenia (39%),Nausea (46-61%),Pain (20%),Rash (17%),Vomiting (6-25%),Weakness (19%) 1-10% Malaise (8%),Dizziness (6%),Insomnia (5%),Somnolence (8%),Hyperpigmentation of nails (bluish-brown),Dyspepsia (5%),Changes in platelet count,Paresthesia (6%) Potentially Fatal: Lactic acidosis, severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, hepatotoxicity. Blood dyscrasias, e.g. serious anaemia (may require transfusion), neutropenia, leucopenia.

Pregnancy Category ID

3

Mode of Action

Zidovudine is a thymidine analogue. It is phosphorylated in the body to its active form zidovudine triphosphate which interferes in DNA synthesis of retroviruses by inhibiting DNA replication. Zidovudine inhibits the key enzyme reverse transcriptase. Human DNA polymerase is inhibited only at a conc 100 times more than that required to inhibit viral reverse transcriptase.

Interaction

Decreased zidovudine concentration with tipranavir. Increased risk of peripheral neuropathy with bortezomib. Increased haematological toxicity with IV pentamidine, lamivudine, dapsone, vancomycin flucytosine, amphotericin, ganciclovir, interferon alfa, cyclophosphamide and other bone marrow suppressive or cytotoxic agents Increased risk of zidovudine toxicity with atovaquone, chloramphenicol, fluconazole, valproate. Decreased absorption with clarithromycin, minimise interactions by admin at least 2 hours apart. Increased zidovudine concentration and increased potential for hypersensitivity reactions with probenecid. Increased zidovudine clearance and haematological toxicity with rifampicin. Increased bioavailability of zidovudine with nimodipine. Increased incidences of headache with benzodiazepines. Possible increase in zidovudine concentration with methadone. Potentially Fatal: Avoid stavudine (due to inhibition of activation of stavudine), didanosine, ribavirin (antagonize effect of zidovudine), zalcitabine (inferior virological activity and a higher rate of side effects) with zidovudine. Increased risk of toxicity (e.g. hepatic decompensation, neutropenia) in patients with interferon alfa with or without ribavirin.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

Child Dose

Renal Dose

Administration