CANTOR 50mg Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Minaprineis available in the market in concentration

Name

Rifaximin

Precaution

Before starting **Rifaximin**, it is important for patients to consult their healthcare provider, especially if they have any underlying medical conditions. Some key precautions include: - **Liver Function**: Rifaximin is primarily excreted in the feces and does not undergo significant absorption into the bloodstream. However, patients with **severe hepatic impairment** should be closely monitored. Rifaximin’s effectiveness in these patients may not be as reliable due to liver dysfunction, and adjustments might be needed. - **Pregnancy**: Rifaximin is classified as a **pregnancy category C** drug, meaning it should only be used during pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risks. Pregnant women should discuss with their healthcare provider if they need to take this medication. - **Allergic Reactions**: In rare cases, patients may experience **hypersensitivity reactions** like rash, swelling, and difficulty breathing. If such reactions occur, they should seek immediate medical attention. - **Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea**: Although Rifaximin is used to treat certain types of diarrhea, it is essential to ensure that the diarrhea is not caused by **Clostridium difficile** infection, as antibiotics can worsen this condition. - **Overuse**: Prolonged or inappropriate use of antibiotics like Rifaximin can lead to **antibiotic resistance**, so it should be used only as prescribed by a healthcare professional.

Indication

Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic primarily used to treat gastrointestinal conditions. The key indications for Rifaximin include: - **Traveler’s Diarrhea**: Rifaximin is effective against **non-invasive strains of E. coli** that cause **traveler’s diarrhea**. It helps reduce symptoms like diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and bloating. - **Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)**: Specifically for patients with **IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)**, Rifaximin has been shown to improve symptoms such as **abdominal pain** and **bloating**. It works by altering gut microbiota and reducing inflammation. - **Hepatic Encephalopathy**: Rifaximin is used to reduce the risk of **hepatic encephalopathy (HE)** recurrence in patients with liver disease, particularly those with cirrhosis. It works by reducing **ammonia-producing bacteria** in the gut, which helps decrease ammonia levels in the bloodstream. - **Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)**: Rifaximin is used to treat **SIBO**, a condition where excessive bacteria grow in the small intestine. It helps by reducing bacterial levels and improving symptoms like bloating and diarrhea.

Contra indication

Rifaximin should not be used in certain situations or patient groups: - **Hypersensitivity**: Rifaximin is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to it or any of its components. Serious allergic reactions can occur, including anaphylaxis or angioedema. - **Severe Hepatic Impairment**: While Rifaximin is minimally absorbed into the bloodstream, patients with **severe hepatic impairment** should not use this medication for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy unless prescribed by a specialist. - **Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea**: Rifaximin should not be used for patients with suspected or confirmed **C. difficile-associated diarrhea** (CDAD), as it can worsen the condition by allowing the overgrowth of the bacteria. - **Systemic Infections**: Rifaximin is not effective for systemic infections, including **sepsis**, as it primarily works within the gastrointestinal tract and does not get absorbed into the bloodstream in significant amounts.

Side Effect

Rifaximin is generally well-tolerated, but side effects can occur. Common and severe side effects include: **Common Side Effects**: - **Gastrointestinal Disturbances**: Some patients may experience mild **diarrhea**, **nausea**, **vomiting**, or **flatulence** during treatment with Rifaximin. - **Headache**: A mild headache can occur in some individuals. - **Fatigue**: Some patients may feel unusually tired or weak during treatment with Rifaximin. **Severe Side Effects**: - **Severe Allergic Reactions**: Though rare, patients may experience **anaphylaxis**, **angioedema**, or other severe allergic reactions. Immediate medical attention should be sought if signs of a serious allergic reaction occur. - **Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea (CDAD)**: Although Rifaximin is used to treat certain types of diarrhea, it should not be used in **C. difficile infection**, as it may lead to a more severe infection. If patients develop severe diarrhea during treatment, they should immediately consult their doctor. - **Liver Dysfunction**: In patients with preexisting liver conditions, prolonged use of Rifaximin may exacerbate liver dysfunction, and patients should undergo regular liver monitoring.

Pregnancy Category ID

3

Mode of Action

Rifaximin works by **inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis** through binding to the **beta-subunit** of bacterial **RNA polymerase**. This action prevents bacteria from transcribing DNA into RNA, thereby halting protein production and leading to bacterial cell death. - **Localized Action**: Unlike other antibiotics, Rifaximin remains almost completely **non-systemic**, meaning it does not significantly enter the bloodstream. It stays in the gastrointestinal tract, where it effectively targets **bacteria in the gut**. - **Bactericidal Effect**: Rifaximin is **bactericidal**, meaning it kills bacteria rather than just inhibiting their growth, which is essential in treating conditions like **traveler’s diarrhea** and **SIBO**. - **Broad Spectrum**: Rifaximin is effective against both **gram-positive** and **gram-negative** bacteria. Its action is particularly effective in **non-invasive bacterial infections** like **E. coli**, which causes gastrointestinal symptoms.

Interaction

Rifaximin has a relatively low potential for drug interactions due to its minimal systemic absorption. However, certain interactions are still important to note: - **Cyclosporine**: Cyclosporine, an immunosuppressant, may increase Rifaximin levels in the blood, although Rifaximin's absorption is minimal. Close monitoring is recommended. - **Other Antibiotics**: While Rifaximin does not interact with many systemic antibiotics due to its localized action, patients on other gastrointestinal treatments should inform their healthcare provider to avoid potential interference with gut flora. - **Digoxin**: Rifaximin can reduce **digoxin** levels, though this is primarily a concern with long-term use and patients who rely on digoxin for heart conditions. It is important to monitor digoxin levels closely if combined with Rifaximin.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

The typical dosing of Rifaximin for various conditions includes: - **Traveler’s Diarrhea**: **200 mg** three times a day for **3 days**. - **Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D)**: **550 mg** three times a day for **14 days**. A repeat cycle may be prescribed based on symptoms. - **Hepatic Encephalopathy**: **550 mg** twice a day to reduce recurrence in patients with cirrhosis or severe liver disease. - **Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)**: Dosing may vary, but **400 mg three times daily** for 10-14 days is commonly used.

Child Dose

Rifaximin’s use in pediatric populations is typically for conditions like traveler’s diarrhea or IBS. The recommended doses for children are: - **Children (6-18 years)**: For **traveler's diarrhea**, the typical dose is **200 mg three times a day** for **3 days**. - **Children under 6 years**: Rifaximin is generally **not recommended** for children under 6 years, unless directed by a healthcare provider for specific conditions. As always, it is important for patients to consult their healthcare provider before starting **Rifaximin** to ensure it is appropriate for their specific condition and to avoid potential interactions with other medications.

Renal Dose

Rifaximin’s **minimal systemic absorption** means that no dose adjustment is required for patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. However, it is still important to monitor for side effects, especially for patients with severe renal dysfunction or those on other medications that may affect kidney function.

Administration

Information not available