Daclatasvir

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Generic Name of Daclatasvir - Learn More

Daclatasvir

Daclatasvir Precaution - What You Need to Know

Before starting Daclatasvir, it is essential for patients to consult their healthcare provider to ensure the medication is appropriate for their specific condition. Key precautions include:
- Liver Disease: Daclatasvir is primarily used for treating hepatitis C. It should be used cautiously in patients with severe liver disease (cirrhosis), as they may experience more severe side effects or require dose adjustments.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Daclatasvir should be used with caution during pregnancy and only if the benefits outweigh the potential risks. Its safety during breastfeeding is not well-established, so consult a healthcare provider if breastfeeding.
- Drug Interactions: Daclatasvir can interact with other medications, so a thorough review of a patient's current medications is necessary to avoid potentially harmful interactions. It is important to avoid certain anticonvulsants, antifungals, and antibiotics.
- Renal Impairment: While Daclatasvir is not eliminated significantly through the kidneys, it should still be used cautiously in patients with severe renal impairment, as dosage adjustments may be necessary for concomitant use with other drugs.
- HCV Genotype and Resistance: The efficacy of Daclatasvir may be influenced by the HCV genotype and any existing drug resistance mutations. The medication should be used in combination with other antiviral drugs as part of a prescribed regimen to maximize efficacy.

Daclatasvir Indication - Uses and Benefits

Daclatasvir is primarily indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It is a direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agent that is used in combination with other antiviral medications like sofosbuvir, ribavirin, or peginterferon to treat HCV genotype 1, genotype 2, genotype 3, and genotype 4 infections. It is used to reduce the viral load of HCV, improve liver function, and prevent complications such as cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Daclatasvir helps inhibit the replication of the virus by targeting the NS5A protein, which is crucial for the viral lifecycle.

Daclatasvir Contraindications - Important Warnings

Daclatasvir is contraindicated in the following situations:
- Hypersensitivity: Any known allergy or hypersensitivity to Daclatasvir or any of its components.
- Severe Hepatic Impairment: The use of Daclatasvir is contraindicated in patients with Child-Pugh class C (severe hepatic impairment), as the drug can exacerbate liver dysfunction.
- Co-administration with Strong CYP3A Inhibitors or Inducers: Daclatasvir should not be used in combination with drugs that are strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, ritonavir) or CYP3A inducers (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine) because these can affect the metabolism of Daclatasvir and either reduce its effectiveness or increase the risk of side effects.

Daclatasvir Side Effects - What to Expect

Common and severe side effects of Daclatasvir include:
- Fatigue: Patients may experience fatigue or general malaise, especially during the first few weeks of treatment.
- Headache: A common side effect of Daclatasvir is headache, which may be mild to moderate in severity.
- Nausea: Daclatasvir may cause nausea, particularly when taken in combination with other medications like sofosbuvir or ribavirin.
- Diarrhea: Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea or abdominal pain can occur during treatment.
- Insomnia: Some patients may experience difficulty sleeping or insomnia while on Daclatasvir.
- Liver Enzyme Elevations: In some cases, liver enzymes (e.g., ALT, AST) may be elevated during treatment, especially when used in combination with ribavirin or other antivirals. These elevations should be monitored to prevent liver damage.
- Rash: In rare cases, rash or skin reactions may occur, which may require discontinuation of the medication if severe.
- Anemia: If combined with ribavirin, anemia (low red blood cell count) can occur, requiring close monitoring of blood counts.

Daclatasvir Mode of Action - How It Works

Daclatasvir is an NS5A inhibitor and works by inhibiting the NS5A protein, which is essential for the replication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The NS5A protein plays a critical role in the replication and assembly of the virus. By inhibiting this protein, Daclatasvir prevents the virus from multiplying and spreading to other cells, ultimately reducing the viral load in the body. When used in combination with other antiviral drugs like sofosbuvir (which inhibits the NS5B polymerase), it can significantly improve treatment outcomes by blocking multiple steps in the viral replication cycle.

Daclatasvir Drug Interactions - What to Avoid

Daclatasvir can interact with a range of medications, leading to altered efficacy or potential toxicity. Key interactions include:
- CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, such as ritonavir, ketoconazole, and clarithromycin, can increase the concentration of Daclatasvir, which may lead to toxicity.
- CYP3A4 Inducers: Drugs that induce CYP3A4, such as rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and St. John’s Wort, can reduce the effectiveness of Daclatasvir by increasing its metabolism.
- Anticonvulsants: Drugs like phenytoin and carbamazepine can decrease the effectiveness of Daclatasvir and should be avoided or closely monitored if used concurrently.
- Antifungal Agents: Itraconazole and other azole antifungals can increase Daclatasvir blood concentrations, increasing the risk of side effects.
- Other Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs): Careful consideration and monitoring are necessary when using Daclatasvir in combination with other DAAs, as some regimens may require dose adjustments to reduce the risk of overlapping side effects or suboptimal efficacy.
- Rifampin: Rifampin, a potent CYP3A4 inducer, can significantly reduce the concentration of Daclatasvir in the blood, rendering it less effective.

Daclatasvir Adult Dose - Recommended Dosage

The recommended adult dose of Daclatasvir for the treatment of hepatitis C is typically 60 mg once daily, in combination with sofosbuvir or ribavirin, depending on the genotype of the virus. Treatment duration usually lasts between 12 to 24 weeks, depending on the specific regimen and the patient's individual response to therapy. If used in combination with ribavirin, the dose of ribavirin should be adjusted based on the patient's weight.

Daclatasvir Child Dose - Dosage for Children

Daclatasvir is not approved for use in pediatric patients (under 18 years of age), as its safety and efficacy have not been established in this population. Therefore, it is generally not recommended for children and adolescents with hepatitis C. Treatment in pediatric populations should be guided by other approved regimens.

Daclatasvir Renal Dose - Dosage for Kidney Conditions

Daclatasvir is not significantly cleared by the kidneys, so dose adjustments are not typically required in patients with renal impairment. However, when used in combination with other medications, such as sofosbuvir, which may require renal dose adjustments, it is important to assess the patient's renal function regularly and adjust the treatment regimen as necessary.