Etonogestrel

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Generic Name of Etonogestrel - Learn More

Etonogestrel

Etonogestrel Precaution - What You Need to Know

Before using Etonogestrel, patients should consult their healthcare provider to ensure it is appropriate for their needs, particularly considering the following precautions:

- Cardiovascular Health: Women with a history of heart disease, stroke, or blood clotting disorders should inform their doctor. Hormonal contraceptives like etonogestrel can slightly increase the risk of blood clots and cardiovascular events, especially in smokers and women over the age of 35.
- Liver Disease: Etonogestrel should be used with caution in patients with liver diseases, including active hepatitis or cirrhosis. Liver function may alter the metabolism of the drug, leading to side effects.
- Pregnancy: Etonogestrel is not recommended during pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs while using this contraceptive, it should be discontinued, and a healthcare provider should be contacted immediately.
- Breast Cancer: Women with a history or current diagnosis of breast cancer should avoid using hormonal contraceptives like etonogestrel, as some studies suggest an association between hormonal contraceptive use and breast cancer risk.
- Mental Health: Some women may experience mood changes, depression, or anxiety when using hormonal contraceptives. If there is a history of mental health disorders, these should be discussed with the healthcare provider.
- Drug Interactions: Etonogestrel can interact with certain medications, including antibiotics, antifungals, and anticonvulsants, which may reduce its effectiveness. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are currently taking.

Etonogestrel Indication - Uses and Benefits

Etonogestrel is used as a contraceptive method. It is primarily indicated for:

- Contraception: Etonogestrel is used as a long-acting reversible contraceptive. It is most commonly delivered via an implant (commonly known as Nexplanon) placed under the skin, releasing the hormone slowly over time. It provides continuous contraception for up to 3 years.
- Endometriosis and Menstrual Regulation: Etonogestrel can also be used to manage symptoms of endometriosis, where it helps in reducing pain and preventing endometrial growth. It may also be used in regulating heavy menstrual bleeding.
- Other Hormonal Conditions: In some cases, it is prescribed for the treatment of hormonal imbalances or disorders as it has progestogenic effects.

Etonogestrel Contraindications - Important Warnings

There are certain situations in which etonogestrel should not be used:

- Pregnancy: Etonogestrel should not be used during pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs while using the implant, it should be removed, and a doctor should be consulted.
- Breast Cancer: Contraindicated in women with current breast cancer or a history of it, as hormonal contraceptives can affect hormonal pathways related to breast cancer growth.
- Severe Liver Disease: Women with severe liver disease, including active cirrhosis or liver tumors, should not use etonogestrel, as it is metabolized by the liver.
- Unexplained Vaginal Bleeding: Women with undiagnosed vaginal bleeding should not use etonogestrel until the underlying cause has been identified.
- History of Blood Clots: Etonogestrel is contraindicated in individuals with a history of blood clots, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism, as it can increase the risk of clot formation.

Etonogestrel Side Effects - What to Expect

Common side effects of etonogestrel include:

- Irregular Bleeding: Irregular menstrual bleeding or spotting is a common side effect, especially in the first few months of use. Periods may become lighter or stop altogether.
- Headache: Some users may experience headaches, which can vary from mild to severe.
- Breast Tenderness: Increased breast tenderness or swelling is a common effect during the initial period of use.
- Mood Changes: Some women may experience mood swings, depression, or irritability while using etonogestrel.
- Acne: Hormonal changes caused by etonogestrel may trigger or worsen acne in some individuals.
- Weight Gain: Although not universal, some women may experience mild weight gain or changes in appetite.

Severe side effects are rare but can include:

- Blood Clots: There is a slight increase in the risk of blood clots, which can lead to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, or stroke.
- Liver Problems: In rare cases, hormonal contraceptives like etonogestrel can cause liver damage, resulting in jaundice or other liver-related symptoms.
- Vision Changes: Blurred vision or other visual disturbances could indicate an underlying issue with blood flow, and medical attention should be sought immediately.

Patients should report any unusual symptoms or side effects to their healthcare provider.

Etonogestrel Pregnancy Category ID - Safety Information

5

Etonogestrel Mode of Action - How It Works

Etonogestrel is a progestin, a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone, and it works through several mechanisms:

- Inhibition of Ovulation: Etonogestrel primarily works by preventing the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation). Without ovulation, pregnancy cannot occur.
- Thickening of Cervical Mucus: It also thickens the mucus in the cervix, making it more difficult for sperm to enter the uterus and reach an egg.
- Endometrial Changes: Etonogestrel alters the lining of the uterus, making it less receptive to a fertilized egg, preventing implantation in the unlikely event that fertilization occurs.

Together, these mechanisms effectively prevent pregnancy.

Etonogestrel Drug Interactions - What to Avoid

Etonogestrel can interact with several medications, reducing its effectiveness or leading to adverse effects:

- Anticonvulsants: Drugs like phenytoin, carbamazepine, and topiramate can reduce the effectiveness of etonogestrel, potentially leading to unintended pregnancies.
- Antibiotics: Some antibiotics, such as rifampin and rifabutin, may decrease the effectiveness of etonogestrel by increasing its breakdown.
- HIV Medications: Certain antiretroviral drugs may affect the metabolism of etonogestrel, making it less effective as contraception.
- Antifungal Agents: Griseofulvin and ketoconazole are examples of antifungals that may reduce the effectiveness of etonogestrel.
- CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Medications that inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme (e.g., clarithromycin, ketoconazole) may increase blood levels of etonogestrel, increasing the risk of side effects.
- St. John’s Wort: This herbal product can reduce the effectiveness of etonogestrel by increasing the metabolism of the drug.

Patients should always inform their healthcare provider about any other medications they are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

Etonogestrel Adult Dose - Recommended Dosage

Etonogestrel is most commonly administered through a subdermal implant, which is typically placed by a healthcare provider:

- Implant: The recommended dose is a single subdermal implant, which provides contraception for up to 3 years.
- If the implant needs to be removed or replaced, a new implant can be inserted at the same site.
- It is important to have the implant placed by a trained healthcare professional to avoid complications.

Etonogestrel Child Dose - Dosage for Children

Etonogestrel is typically not recommended for use in children, as it is intended for adult women who require long-term contraception. It should only be prescribed to individuals who are at least 18 years old and require contraception.

As always, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before starting or stopping the use of etonogestrel to ensure it is appropriate for individual needs and circumstances.

Etonogestrel Renal Dose - Dosage for Kidney Conditions

No specific dose adjustments are required for individuals with renal impairment, as the implant delivers a controlled release of the hormone that is not significantly altered by kidney function.