GLUCOSE 50% W/V CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR INFUSION Price

Overview

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This medicine contains an important and useful components, as it consists of
Glucose monohydrateis available in the market in concentration

Name

Tadalafil

Precaution

Before starting **Tadalafil**, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider, especially if the patient has any of the following conditions: - **Cardiovascular Conditions**: Tadalafil can cause a slight reduction in blood pressure, so it should be used with caution in individuals with **heart disease**, **low blood pressure**, or those who have had a **stroke** or **heart attack** in the last 6 months. Patients taking **nitrates** for chest pain or using **guanylate cyclase stimulators** should not use Tadalafil as the combination can lead to dangerous drops in blood pressure. - **Liver and Kidney Impairment**: People with severe **liver** or **kidney** impairment may require dosage adjustments as the drug can accumulate in the body in these individuals. Close monitoring and a reduced dose may be necessary. - **Eye Problems**: If you have a history of eye conditions, particularly **retinitis pigmentosa**, **vision impairment**, or **other optic nerve disorders**, you should use Tadalafil with caution, as PDE5 inhibitors can affect vision in rare cases. - **Priapism**: **Priapism** (prolonged and painful erection lasting more than 4 hours) is a medical emergency and can lead to permanent erectile dysfunction. Patients should seek immediate medical attention if an erection persists beyond 4 hours. - **Allergic Reactions**: Patients should avoid the drug if they have known hypersensitivity or allergies to Tadalafil or any of its components.

Indication

Tadalafil is primarily prescribed for: - **Erectile Dysfunction (ED)**: Tadalafil is commonly used to treat **erectile dysfunction** in men, helping to achieve and maintain an erection by increasing blood flow to the penis. This is achieved through the inhibition of **phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5)**. - **Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)**: Tadalafil is also indicated for the treatment of **benign prostatic hyperplasia** (BPH), a condition where the prostate gland enlarges, leading to urinary symptoms such as frequency, urgency, or difficulty urinating. It helps relieve symptoms by relaxing the smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder. - **Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)**: Tadalafil is used to treat **pulmonary arterial hypertension**, a condition where the blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs is elevated. It helps by relaxing the blood vessels, improving blood flow, and reducing the workload on the heart.

Contra indication

Tadalafil should not be used in the following situations: - **Nitrate Medications**: Tadalafil should not be combined with **nitrate drugs** (e.g., **nitroglycerin**, **isosorbide dinitrate**) commonly used for chest pain, as the combination can lead to severe hypotension (dangerously low blood pressure). - **Severe Heart or Liver Issues**: Patients with severe **heart disease**, **unstable angina**, or those who have recently had a **stroke** or **heart attack** within the last 6 months should not use Tadalafil. It is also contraindicated in those with severe **liver impairment**. - **Hypersensitivity**: Tadalafil should not be used by individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to **Tadalafil** or its components. - **Severe Kidney Impairment**: Tadalafil should be avoided in patients with severe **renal impairment** or those undergoing dialysis due to the risk of accumulation in the body and potential toxicity.

Side Effect

Common side effects of **Tadalafil** include: - **Headache**: One of the most frequent side effects, which usually resolves on its own. - **Indigestion (Dyspepsia)**: Some individuals may experience stomach upset or indigestion. - **Back Pain**: Musculoskeletal pain, especially in the back, is a known side effect, typically appearing after a few hours of administration. - **Flushing**: Some people may experience facial flushing due to the widening of blood vessels. - **Nasal Congestion**: A blocked nose or stuffiness can occur as a side effect of Tadalafil. - **Dizziness or Light-headedness**: May occur due to the blood pressure-lowering effects of the drug. - **Priapism**: A serious side effect where an erection lasts longer than 4 hours. This requires emergency medical intervention. - **Vision Disturbances**: Rarely, Tadalafil can cause changes in vision, including **blue-tinged vision** or difficulty distinguishing between blue and green colors. Serious side effects: - **Sudden Hearing Loss**: There have been reports of sudden loss of hearing, sometimes associated with ringing in the ears (tinnitus). - **Heart Attack Symptoms**: If symptoms such as chest pain, dizziness, or nausea occur, patients should seek immediate medical help.

Pregnancy Category ID

2

Mode of Action

Tadalafil works by inhibiting the enzyme **phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5)**, which is responsible for the degradation of **cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)**. In the presence of sexual stimulation, **nitric oxide** is released in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, stimulating the production of **cGMP**. cGMP causes the relaxation of smooth muscles and dilation of blood vessels, resulting in increased blood flow to the penis and thus enabling an erection. By inhibiting PDE5, Tadalafil helps maintain higher levels of cGMP in the penis, facilitating **erection** during sexual arousal. For **pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)**, Tadalafil works similarly by relaxing the smooth muscles in the pulmonary arteries, lowering pulmonary arterial pressure, and improving exercise capacity.

Interaction

Tadalafil has several notable interactions with other medications, substances, and conditions: - **Nitrates**: **Nitrates** (e.g., nitroglycerin) used for heart conditions can interact with Tadalafil and cause a dangerous decrease in blood pressure. The combination should be strictly avoided. - **Alpha-blockers**: Combining Tadalafil with **alpha-blockers** (used to treat high blood pressure or BPH) can lead to an additive effect of lowering blood pressure. Close monitoring is required. - **CYP3A4 Inhibitors**: Tadalafil is metabolized by **CYP3A4 enzymes**. **CYP3A4 inhibitors** (e.g., **ketoconazole**, **ritonavir**, **clarithromycin**) can increase the levels of Tadalafil in the blood, potentially increasing the risk of side effects. - **Antihypertensive Drugs**: If combined with other **antihypertensive medications**, Tadalafil can enhance the blood pressure-lowering effects, requiring monitoring for symptoms of low blood pressure. - **Alcohol**: Excessive alcohol consumption while taking Tadalafil may increase the risk of side effects like **dizziness**, **headache**, or **hypotension**. Moderation is recommended. - **Grapefruit Juice**: **Grapefruit** can inhibit the metabolism of Tadalafil through the **CYP3A4 pathway**, increasing its concentration and the risk of side effects.

Pregnancy Category Note

Information not available

Adult Dose

The recommended dose of **Tadalafil** for adults depends on the condition being treated: - **Erectile Dysfunction**: The typical starting dose is **10 mg** taken before sexual activity. The dose can be adjusted based on efficacy and tolerability, with a maximum recommended dose of **20 mg**. Alternatively, for daily use, **2.5 mg to 5 mg** once daily is recommended. - **Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)**: The recommended dose is **5 mg** once daily, with or without food. - **Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)**: The recommended dose for **PAH** is **40 mg** once daily, taken at the same time each day.

Child Dose

Tadalafil is not recommended for use in **children** under the age of 18. There is insufficient data regarding its safety and efficacy in pediatric populations.

Renal Dose

For patients with **mild to moderate renal impairment**, no dose adjustment is necessary. However, in patients with **severe renal impairment**, Tadalafil should be used with caution, and the dosage may need to be reduced. Close monitoring is required, particularly when used for conditions such as erectile dysfunction.

Administration

Information not available