Filariasis

Overview Of Filariasis

Filariasis is a parasitic infection caused by filarial worms, including *Wuchereria bancrofti* and *Brugia malayi*, which are transmitted by mosquitoes. The infection leads to lymphatic system damage, causing symptoms such as lymphatic swelling (elephantiasis).

Causes of Filariasis

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• Mosquito Bites: Infection is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. -
• Lymphatic System Damage: The worms invade the lymphatic system, leading to swelling.

Risk Factors of Filariasis

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• Living in Endemic Areas: Particularly tropical regions where mosquitoes are prevalent. -
• Frequent Exposure to Mosquitoes: Increased risk for people living in areas with high mosquito populations.

Prevention of Filariasis

• - Mosquito Control: Use of insecticide-treated nets and indoor spraying to reduce mosquito populations. - Mass Drug Administration: Preventive drug distribution in endemic areas.

Prognosis of Filariasis

• - Treatment can reduce symptoms and prevent complications. However, some individuals may experience long-term lymphatic damage and swelling.

Complications of Filariasis

• - Elephantiasis: Severe swelling in the limbs and genitals. - Lymphangitis: Inflammation of the lymph vessels. - Chronic Pain and disability due to lymphatic damage.

Related Diseases of Filariasis

• - Loiasis: Caused by *Loa loa* filarial worms, transmitted by horseflies. - Onchocerciasis: Caused by *Onchocerca volvulus*, transmitted by blackflies.

Treatment of Filariasis

- **Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)** or **Ivermectin**: Antiparasitic medications used to kill the filarial worms. - **Surgical Intervention**: In severe cases, surgery may be needed to treat complications such as elephantiasis.