Ascariasis

Overview Of Ascariasis

Ascariasis is an intestinal infection caused by the roundworm *Ascaris lumbricoides*. It is commonly transmitted through ingestion of eggs from contaminated food, water, or soil. After ingestion, the larvae hatch in the intestine and migrate through the bloodstream, lungs, and back to the intestines, where they mature. It is common in areas with poor sanitation.

Causes of Ascariasis

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• Ingestion of Contaminated Food or Water: Ingesting food or water contaminated with Ascaris eggs is the primary cause of the infection. -
• Poor Sanitation: Lack of proper sanitation and hygiene practices can contribute to the spread of the infection.

Risk Factors of Ascariasis

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• Poor Hygiene Practices: Inadequate handwashing and lack of sanitation. -
• Living in Endemic Areas: Areas with poor sanitation and hygiene practices. -
• Contact with Contaminated Soil: People working in agriculture are more at risk.

Prevention of Ascariasis

• - Good Hygiene Practices: Regular handwashing, especially after using the toilet and before eating. - Proper Disposal of Human Waste: Preventing contamination of water and soil. - Boiling or Filtering Water: To prevent ingestion of eggs from contaminated water.

Prognosis of Ascariasis

• - The prognosis is generally good with proper treatment. Most individuals recover completely after taking antiparasitic medications.

Complications of Ascariasis

• - Intestinal Obstruction: A rare but serious complication if the worms accumulate in the intestines. - Pneumonia: Caused by larvae migrating to the lungs. - Peritonitis: Infection of the abdominal cavity in severe cases.

Related Diseases of Ascariasis

• - Hookworm Infection: Caused by hookworms that also affect the intestines. - Trichuriasis: Infection caused by the whipworm *Trichuris trichiura*. - Strongyloidiasis: Caused by *Strongyloides stercoralis*, which also affects the intestines.

Treatment of Ascariasis

- **Albendazole** or **Mebendazole**: Common antiparasitic medications. - **Pyrantel Pamoate**: An alternative treatment. - **Surgical Intervention**: In severe cases, surgery may be needed to treat intestinal obstruction.