ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml Injection/Solution for

What is ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml is a sterile, ready-to-use injectable solution that contains adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) in the form of acid tartrate. It is presented in a 10 ml polypropylene pre-filled syringe, ensuring rapid access in emergency settings. This medication is widely used in critical care situations to manage conditions requiring immediate cardiovascular support.

• Active Ingredient: Adrenaline (as acid tartrate), a sympathomimetic agent.
• Concentration: 0.1 mg/ml – a low-dose formulation ideal for slow intravenous or intraosseous administration under controlled conditions.
• Common Uses: Anaphylactic shock, severe hypotension, cardiac arrest, and acute asthma attacks.
• Mechanism: Adrenaline stimulates alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to vasoconstriction, increased cardiac output, and bronchodilation.
• Target Patients: Adults and children in life-threatening emergencies under the supervision of trained healthcare providers.

This specific formulation ensures precise dosing in critical care environments, often used in intensive care units (ICUs), operating rooms, and during advanced life support procedures.

How to use ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml should only be administered by qualified healthcare professionals trained in emergency and resuscitation techniques. The method of administration and dosage depends on the clinical situation and the patient’s condition.

• Route of Administration: Intravenous (IV) or intraosseous (IO) injection.
• Preparation: The pre-filled syringe is designed for immediate use. Remove protective cap and attach the needle before administration. Do not dilute unless specifically instructed.
• For Cardiac Arrest: Administer 1 mg (10 ml of 0.1 mg/ml solution) IV/IO every 3–5 minutes during resuscitation.
• For Anaphylaxis (in hospital settings): May be used as an IV infusion titrated based on patient response after initial intramuscular dose.
• Monitoring: Continuous cardiac and blood pressure monitoring is essential during administration due to the risk of arrhythmias and hypertension.
• Do Not Administer: Via subcutaneous or intramuscular route for this specific low-concentration formulation.

Always verify the product concentration before administration. Improper use or overdose can result in serious cardiovascular complications.

Mode of Action ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a potent, non-selective adrenergic agonist. It acts on multiple adrenergic receptors to produce a broad range of effects essential during acute emergencies.

• Alpha-1 Receptors: Causes vasoconstriction, increasing systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure. Useful in restoring circulation during hypotensive states and cardiac arrest.
• Beta-1 Receptors: Stimulates the heart by increasing heart rate (chronotropic effect), cardiac contractility (inotropic effect), and conduction velocity (dromotropic effect).
• Beta-2 Receptors: Causes bronchodilation and vasodilation in skeletal muscle, beneficial in asthma and anaphylaxis.
• Rapid Onset: Effects typically begin within minutes of IV administration.
• Short Duration: Effects are transient due to rapid metabolism by enzymes like monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT).

This complex mechanism makes adrenaline indispensable in resuscitation, shock management, and severe allergic reactions. The balance of alpha and beta effects provides both circulatory support and airway relief.

ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml Interactions ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

Adrenaline may interact with a wide range of medications, leading to increased toxicity or reduced efficacy. It is crucial to review the patient's medication history before administration.

• Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol): May reduce the efficacy of adrenaline and enhance vasoconstriction due to unopposed alpha stimulation, potentially worsening hypertension and bradycardia.
• MAO inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine): Can potentiate the effects of adrenaline, increasing the risk of hypertensive crisis and arrhythmias.
• Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline): May enhance the pressor response to adrenaline, requiring cautious use and dosage adjustment.
• Diuretics: May increase the risk of hypokalemia when combined with adrenaline, especially in prolonged use.
• General anesthetics (e.g., halothane): Increase myocardial sensitivity to adrenaline, predisposing to arrhythmias during surgery.
• Antidiabetic agents: Adrenaline may counteract the hypoglycemic effects of insulin or oral antidiabetics.

Healthcare professionals must consider these interactions in emergency care to avoid complications from exaggerated cardiovascular responses.

Dosage of ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

Dosage should be individualized based on the indication, severity of the condition, and patient response. The following are standard dosing guidelines for adults.

• Cardiac Arrest: 1 mg (10 ml of 0.1 mg/ml solution) administered intravenously or intraosseously every 3–5 minutes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• Anaphylaxis (in-hospital IV infusion):
  • Prepare an infusion: 1 mg diluted in 100 ml saline (concentration 10 mcg/ml).
  • Infuse at 1–4 mcg/min; titrate according to blood pressure and symptoms.
• Hypotension/Shock (as vasopressor):
  • Start infusion at 0.05–2 mcg/kg/min depending on response.
• Maximum Safe Dose: No absolute limit during resuscitation, but cumulative doses must be monitored for toxicity.
• Pediatric Use: Dosage is weight-based (e.g., 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO for cardiac arrest).

Always administer under continuous ECG and hemodynamic monitoring. Titrate carefully to avoid hypertensive crises or arrhythmias.

Possible side effects of ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

Adrenaline can produce significant side effects, especially when administered intravenously. These effects are largely due to overstimulation of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.

• Cardiovascular:
  • Tachycardia
  • Palpitations
  • Hypertension
  • Arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular fibrillation)
  • Myocardial ischemia or infarction (especially in patients with coronary artery disease)
• Central Nervous System:
  • Headache
  • Anxiety
  • Tremors
  • Restlessness
• Respiratory:
  • Dyspnea
  • Pulmonary edema (rare, in high doses)
• Metabolic:
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypokalemia
• Injection Site Reactions: Pain, inflammation, or extravasation injury.

Most side effects resolve once the drug is discontinued or reduced. Close monitoring is essential during use.

ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml Contraindications ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

Although adrenaline is life-saving, its use may be contraindicated or warrant extreme caution in specific scenarios.

• Absolute Contraindications:
  • None in life-threatening emergencies such as cardiac arrest or anaphylaxis.
• Relative Contraindications (Use with caution):
  • Severe hypertension
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Coronary artery disease or ischemic heart disease
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Narrow-angle glaucoma
  • Second-stage labor (due to potential for uterine vasoconstriction)
• Drug Interactions Leading to Contraindication:
  • Concurrent use with volatile anesthetics or MAO inhibitors without careful dose adjustment

In emergencies, the benefits usually outweigh the risks. However, clinicians must remain vigilant regarding these considerations.

Storage of ADRENALINE AGUETTANT 0.1 mg/ml

Proper storage is essential to maintain the stability, sterility, and potency of this critical medication.

• Temperature: Store between 2°C and 25°C. Do not freeze.
• Light Sensitivity: Protect from light. Keep in original packaging until use.
• Shelf Life: Check the expiration date printed on the syringe or outer packaging.
• Visual Inspection: Before use, ensure the solution is clear and free from particles or discoloration.
• Post-Use Disposal: Discard any unused portion. Do not reuse the pre-filled syringe.

Follow institutional protocols for the safe storage and disposal of injectable medications. Emergency access to adrenaline must be ensured in critical care units and crash carts.