ADENIV 6mg/2ml Injection/Solution for

What is ADENIV 6mg/2ml

ADENIV 6mg/2ml is a prescription medication containing the active ingredient Adenosine. It is presented as an injectable solution supplied in 6 mg per 2 ml glass vials, intended for intravenous administration. Adenosine plays a critical role in managing certain types of cardiac arrhythmias, particularly paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), a condition characterized by rapid heartbeats originating above the heart’s ventricles.

Key characteristics of ADENIV include:

• Active Ingredient: Adenosine, a naturally occurring nucleoside involved in biochemical processes such as energy transfer and signal transduction.
• Indications: Primarily used to restore normal heart rhythm in patients experiencing PSVT by temporarily slowing down the electrical conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node.
• Formulation: Sterile solution designed for intravenous bolus injection or rapid intravenous infusion, allowing rapid onset of action.
• Clinical Use: Typically administered in emergency or monitored settings such as hospitals or clinics due to its potent effects on heart rhythm.

In summary, ADENIV is a critical drug in acute cardiac care settings used to rapidly terminate episodes of abnormal rapid heartbeats and help reestablish normal sinus rhythm.

How to use ADENIV 6mg/2ml

Proper administration of ADENIV requires strict adherence to recommended protocols due to its rapid onset and short duration of action. Below are key guidelines for usage:

• Administration Route: Intravenous (IV) bolus injection or rapid IV infusion only. It should be administered through a vein, preferably via a large vein or central line for optimal effect.
• Dosing Procedure: The initial dose is usually 6 mg given as a rapid IV bolus over 1-2 seconds, followed immediately by a saline flush to ensure the medication reaches the heart quickly.
• Monitoring: Continuous ECG monitoring is essential during administration to observe the heart rhythm response and detect any adverse effects promptly.
• Repeat Dosing: If the first dose is ineffective after 1-2 minutes, a second dose of 12 mg may be administered, followed by another 12 mg dose if necessary.
• Healthcare Supervision: Should be given only by trained healthcare professionals in settings equipped to manage cardiac emergencies, due to potential transient side effects such as flushing, chest discomfort, or brief arrhythmias.

Patients should never self-administer ADENIV and must inform the healthcare provider of any current medications or medical conditions prior to use.

Mode of Action ADENIV 6mg/2ml

ADENIV’s active ingredient, Adenosine, acts on the cardiovascular system primarily by affecting the conduction pathways of the heart’s electrical system:

• AV Node Suppression: Adenosine binds to specific purinergic receptors (A1 receptors) on the cardiac cells within the atrioventricular (AV) node, causing hyperpolarization and temporary blockage of electrical impulses passing through this node.
• Rapid Onset, Short Duration: This results in a brief interruption of abnormal electrical pathways that cause tachycardia, effectively restoring normal sinus rhythm. The effect starts within seconds and lasts less than 10 seconds due to rapid uptake and metabolism by red blood cells and vascular endothelial cells.
• Vasodilation: Adenosine also causes dilation of coronary arteries, improving blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
• Antiarrhythmic Effect: The drug’s ability to transiently block AV nodal conduction makes it highly effective in terminating supraventricular tachycardias involving reentry mechanisms.

Overall, ADENIV works by temporarily disrupting abnormal electrical circuits in the heart, allowing the normal pacemaker cells to regain control and normalize heart rhythm.

ADENIV 6mg/2ml Interactions ADENIV 6mg/2ml

Several drug interactions may alter the efficacy or safety of ADENIV and should be carefully considered before administration:

• Theophylline and Caffeine: These methylxanthines antagonize adenosine receptors and may reduce the effectiveness of ADENIV, requiring higher doses for clinical effect.
• Dipyridamole: This drug inhibits adenosine uptake, enhancing the effects of ADENIV and increasing the risk of exaggerated bradycardia or heart block.
• Carbamazepine and Other AV Node Blocking Agents: Concurrent use may potentiate the effects of ADENIV on AV conduction, increasing risk of prolonged heart block.
• Other Antiarrhythmics: Drugs like beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and digoxin may synergize with ADENIV, necessitating careful cardiac monitoring.
• Contrast Agents: Some radiographic contrast agents may potentiate adverse cardiac effects when given with ADENIV.

Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking to avoid harmful interactions.

Dosage of ADENIV 6mg/2ml

The dosing of ADENIV must be individualized and strictly guided by clinical protocols to maximize efficacy and minimize risks:

• Initial Dose: 6 mg administered as a rapid intravenous bolus over 1-2 seconds.
• Follow-Up Dose: If the initial dose does not terminate the arrhythmia within 1-2 minutes, a second dose of 12 mg may be given, followed by a third dose of 12 mg if necessary.
• Maximum Dose: Typically, no more than 30 mg total should be given in a 24-hour period unless under specialist guidance.
• Special Populations: In patients with heart transplant or those taking methylxanthines, doses may need adjustment, and close monitoring is crucial.
• Administration: Each dose must be followed immediately by a rapid saline flush to ensure the drug reaches the heart promptly.

Dosage adjustments or contraindications may apply in patients with certain heart blocks, asthma, or other comorbidities.

Possible side effects of ADENIV 6mg/2ml

While ADENIV is generally safe when used properly, it can cause some transient and occasional adverse effects:

• Common Side Effects:
  • Flushing or redness of the face and neck
  • Chest discomfort or pressure
  • Shortness of breath or bronchospasm (especially in asthmatics)
  • Palpitations or brief arrhythmias following administration
  • Lightheadedness or dizziness
• Less Common Side Effects:
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Transient hypotension
  • Flushing sensations
• Serious Reactions (Rare):
  • Severe bradycardia or prolonged heart block
  • Chest pain suggestive of myocardial ischemia
  • Seizures (rarely reported)

Because adenosine effects are very short-lived, most side effects resolve within seconds to minutes after administration.

ADENIV 6mg/2ml Contraindications ADENIV 6mg/2ml

ADENIV should not be used in certain conditions where its action could cause harm:

• Second- or Third-Degree AV Block: Without a functioning artificial pacemaker, because ADENIV can cause prolonged AV block.
• Sinus Node Disease: Including sick sinus syndrome unless a pacemaker is present.
• Known Hypersensitivity: To adenosine or any formulation excipients.
• Asthma or Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Due to risk of bronchospasm.
• Ventricular Tachycardia or Other Non-SVT Arrhythmias: ADENIV is not effective and may worsen these conditions.
• Unstable Cardiovascular Status: Including hypotension or decompensated heart failure requiring urgent intervention.

Proper patient evaluation before use is essential to avoid these risks.

Storage of ADENIV 6mg/2ml

Proper storage of ADENIV ensures its stability, potency, and safety:

• Temperature: Store at controlled room temperature, typically between 20°C and 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Avoid exposure to freezing or excessive heat.
• Light Protection: Keep the vials in their original packaging to protect from light, which can degrade the medication.
• Container Integrity: Use only intact, sterile glass vials. Do not use if the vial is cracked, leaking, or otherwise damaged.
• Handling: Handle with care to maintain sterility. Once opened or diluted, use immediately or discard unused portions per institutional guidelines.
• Expiration: Observe the expiry date printed on the vial; do not use expired medication.

Following these guidelines helps maintain the drug’s efficacy and patient safety.