(Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag) Solution for infusion

What is (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

(Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution administered via intravenous infusion to replenish fluid and electrolytes in the body. Contained in a flexible Viaflo bag, each 100 ml unit delivers a solution containing 0.9 grams of sodium chloride—commonly known as "normal saline." This isotonic solution mirrors the osmolarity of plasma, making it ideal for restoring fluid balance in various medical conditions.

• Formulation: 0.9% w/v Sodium Chloride in water for injection
• Container: Viaflo plastic infusion bag
• Volume: 100 ml per bag; pack of 60 bags
• Classification: Intravenous electrolyte solution
• Usage: Suitable for both adult and pediatric patients under medical supervision

This infusion is commonly used in hospitals and clinical settings for hydration, treatment of sodium depletion, and as a vehicle for delivering compatible intravenous medications. It is free from preservatives and is compatible with blood and many intravenous medications.

How to use (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

Proper use of (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% Intravenous Infusion is essential for safety and efficacy. The solution must only be administered intravenously by trained healthcare professionals.

• Preparation: Visually inspect the Viaflo bag for particulate matter or discoloration before administration. Do not use if the solution is cloudy or the seal is compromised.
• Connection: Use aseptic technique when connecting the infusion set. Hang the bag and prime the line to expel air.
• Route: Administer via intravenous drip (IV line), central line, or peripheral vein.
• Monitoring: Monitor vital signs, fluid balance, and laboratory values (particularly electrolytes) during therapy.
• Infusion Rate: Determined by the clinical condition of the patient. Rapid infusion may be required in cases of shock; slower rates are used for maintenance fluids.

Never add incompatible drugs to the bag, and if medication is added, thoroughly mix and use immediately. Discard any unused portion to prevent contamination. Pediatric dosing and special populations require individualized administration plans.

Mode of Action (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

The therapeutic action of Sodium Chloride 0.9% IV infusion is based on its role in restoring the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance. Being isotonic, it neither draws water out of cells nor causes fluid to shift into cells, making it physiologically neutral and safe for a wide range of clinical indications.

• Sodium: A key extracellular cation that regulates fluid distribution, nerve conduction, and muscle function.
• Chloride: Maintains acid-base balance and electrical neutrality in bodily fluids.
• Osmotic Action: Because it's isotonic with plasma (~308 mOsm/L), it remains in the extracellular compartment and expands plasma volume effectively.

In conditions like dehydration, hypovolemia, or shock, the sodium and chloride ions replace lost electrolytes and restore normal osmotic pressure. This ensures tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs. In drug delivery, it acts as a diluent and carrier fluid for intravenous medications.

(Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag) Interactions (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

Though considered pharmacologically inert, Sodium Chloride 0.9% IV Infusion can still interact with certain medications and conditions, especially when used as a vehicle for drug delivery or in patients with underlying health issues.

• Drug Additives: Some drugs may precipitate, lose potency, or become toxic when mixed with sodium chloride. Always confirm compatibility before admixture.
• Diuretics: Concomitant use with loop or thiazide diuretics may exacerbate sodium loss or imbalance.
• Corticosteroids: Can increase sodium retention and potassium loss, possibly enhancing fluid overload risk.
• NSAIDs: May reduce renal sodium excretion, increasing blood pressure and volume retention.
• ACE inhibitors / ARBs: These drugs affect renal sodium handling and may worsen fluid and electrolyte imbalance.

Patients with heart failure, renal insufficiency, or liver disease are at higher risk for adverse outcomes due to altered fluid regulation. Always review the patient’s medication profile and adjust accordingly.

Dosage of (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

Dosage of Sodium Chloride 0.9% IV infusion depends on individual patient needs, age, clinical status, and concurrent therapies. It should be administered under professional supervision.

• Adults: Typical dose ranges from 500 ml to 3000 ml/day, adjusted based on fluid deficit and ongoing losses.
• Children: Dosing is weight-based, often in the range of 20-100 ml/kg/day, depending on age and condition.
• Shock or Severe Hypovolemia: Rapid boluses of 250–1000 ml may be required, with repeated reassessment.
• Maintenance Fluids: Administered slowly over 24 hours with frequent monitoring.
• As Drug Diluent: Volume depends on the medication protocol and required concentration.

Adjust the rate and volume based on patient-specific parameters including blood pressure, urine output, and electrolyte levels. Avoid over-infusion to prevent pulmonary edema or hypernatremia.

Possible side effects of (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

Sodium Chloride 0.9% infusion is generally safe but may cause adverse effects, especially when administered inappropriately or in vulnerable patients.

• Fluid Overload: Pulmonary edema, hypertension, and peripheral edema may occur with excessive volumes.
• Electrolyte Disturbance: Hypernatremia and hyperchloremia can lead to acid-base imbalances (e.g., hyperchloremic acidosis).
• Injection Site Reactions: Phlebitis, irritation, or pain may occur during administration.
• Renal Stress: High-volume infusion can burden renal function, especially in compromised patients.
• Cardiovascular Effects: Tachycardia or increased blood pressure in fluid-sensitive individuals.

Report any signs of fluid retention, respiratory distress, or electrolyte imbalance promptly. Continuous clinical and laboratory monitoring is recommended during prolonged use.

(Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag) Contraindications (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

Although generally safe, certain conditions preclude or limit the use of Sodium Chloride 0.9% IV infusion due to the risk of worsening clinical outcomes.

• Hypernatremia: Existing elevated sodium levels may worsen with sodium chloride infusion.
• Fluid Retention Conditions: Such as congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, or renal insufficiency.
• Severe Hypertension: Risk of exacerbation due to increased intravascular volume.
• Cirrhosis or Liver Failure: Can worsen ascites or lead to fluid overload.
• Pre-eclampsia or Eclampsia: Requires careful fluid management to avoid complications.

Use caution in patients with impaired sodium regulation or those on sodium-retaining drugs. Always consult with the physician before initiating therapy in complex medical cases.

Storage of (Baxter) Sodium Chloride 0.9% w/v Intravenous Infusion BP (Viaflo bag)

Proper storage of Sodium Chloride 0.9% IV infusion ensures its sterility and efficacy throughout its shelf life.

• Temperature: Store at 15–25°C. Avoid freezing as it may compromise the integrity of the Viaflo bag.
• Light Exposure: Protect from prolonged direct sunlight or high heat environments.
• Container Care: Keep in outer packaging to prevent puncture or contamination of the flexible bag.
• Shelf Life: Check the expiry date printed on each bag. Do not use beyond this date.
• After Opening: Use immediately once the seal is broken. Do not store partially used bags.

Discard any solution that appears discolored or contains particles. Follow hospital or facility protocols for the disposal of unused or expired bags to ensure safety.