(BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v Infusion/Solution for

What is (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

(BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3% w/v is a sterile, non-pyrogenic intravenous solution used primarily for fluid replenishment, electrolyte balance, and caloric supply. It is supplied in 500ml Viaflo bags and contains two essential components: glucose monohydrate, which provides energy, and potassium chloride, an important electrolyte that maintains cellular function and neuromuscular activity.

• Glucose 5% w/v: A carbohydrate source that delivers 200 kcal per liter, serving as an immediate energy substrate for patients unable to consume food orally.
• Potassium Chloride 0.3% w/v: Delivers potassium, a vital intracellular cation needed for proper muscle and nerve function, acid-base balance, and cardiac rhythm stabilization.
• Indication: This solution is commonly used in hospitals for patients requiring rehydration with concurrent potassium supplementation due to losses from vomiting, diarrhea, or certain medications like diuretics.
• Formulation: Each 500 ml Viaflo bag is ready-to-use and intended for intravenous administration, making it suitable for both maintenance therapy and acute correction of fluid-electrolyte imbalances.

Its balanced formulation allows clinicians to provide hydration, calorie intake, and electrolyte repletion in a single infusion, thereby simplifying fluid management in clinical settings.

How to use (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

Proper administration of this intravenous solution is essential to achieve therapeutic benefits and avoid complications. This medication is for use only under the supervision of qualified healthcare professionals.

• Route of Administration: Administered via intravenous infusion using a sterile IV set and technique.
• Preparation: Inspect the Viaflo bag for clarity, leaks, or particulate matter before administration. Do not use if the solution appears discolored or contains visible particles.
• Infusion Rate: Must be adjusted according to the patient's clinical condition, electrolyte status, age, and comorbidities. Typically infused slowly over several hours under controlled monitoring.
• Monitoring: Monitor vital signs, fluid balance, and serum electrolytes, especially potassium levels, to avoid hypokalemia or hyperkalemia.
• Compatibility: Check for compatibility before co-infusing with other IV medications or solutions. Avoid mixing with solutions containing calcium due to precipitation risk.

The dosage and infusion rate should be determined by a physician based on clinical requirements and lab results. Strict aseptic technique must be used during the administration process to minimize the risk of infection.

Mode of Action (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

This combination solution works through two synergistic physiological pathways: carbohydrate metabolism and electrolyte homeostasis. Each component contributes to therapeutic efficacy:

• Glucose Monohydrate (5% w/v):
  • Enters systemic circulation and is transported into cells via insulin-regulated glucose transporters.
  • Metabolized in the liver and muscles to produce ATP, supporting cellular energy demands.
  • Helps prevent ketosis in fasting or critically ill patients by providing an exogenous glucose source.
• Potassium Chloride (0.3% w/v):
  • Provides potassium ions (K⁺), essential for maintaining resting membrane potential and neuromuscular excitability.
  • Helps restore depleted intracellular potassium levels from diuretic use, vomiting, or other losses.
  • Chloride ions (Cl⁻) contribute to maintaining acid-base balance and osmotic pressure in the extracellular fluid.

Overall, this solution helps restore fluid volume, correct hypokalemia, supply basic caloric needs, and stabilize physiological homeostasis during acute or chronic illness.

(BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v Interactions (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

Drug interactions can significantly alter the safety and efficacy of intravenous solutions. The following should be considered when administering this combination product:

• Potassium-Sparing Agents: Concomitant use with ACE inhibitors (e.g., enalapril), angiotensin II receptor blockers (e.g., losartan), or potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone) increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
• Calcium-Containing Solutions: Mixing with calcium salts (e.g., calcium gluconate) may result in precipitation, posing a risk of embolism.
• Insulin: Increases cellular uptake of glucose and potassium, which can potentiate hypokalemia if not monitored.
• Cardiac Glycosides: Low potassium levels enhance the effects and toxicity of digoxin, increasing arrhythmia risk. Correct potassium before administration.
• Diuretics: Loop and thiazide diuretics can deplete potassium, potentially necessitating this infusion. However, close monitoring is essential to avoid overcorrection.

Always evaluate the full medication profile and perform laboratory monitoring when combining this solution with other agents to mitigate interaction risks.

Dosage of (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

Dosage should be individualized based on the patient’s age, weight, clinical status, and ongoing losses. This infusion is prescribed by physicians after evaluating fluid and electrolyte needs.

• Typical Adult Dose: 500 to 1000 ml/day or more, depending on hydration and potassium status. The maximum infusion rate usually does not exceed 10 mmol/hour of potassium unless in an intensive care setting.
• Pediatric Use: Doses are calculated per body weight (e.g., 10–20 ml/kg/day), and infusion must be performed with caution due to higher sensitivity to fluid overload and electrolyte shifts.
• Maximum Daily Potassium: Should not exceed 200 mmol/day under normal renal function. Adjustments are necessary in renal impairment or cardiac conditions.
• Monitoring: Frequent monitoring of serum electrolytes and glucose levels is essential to adjust dosage as needed.

It is imperative to follow strict infusion protocols and rate limits to prevent complications such as hyperkalemia, volume overload, or glucose intolerance. Only trained healthcare professionals should administer and adjust this therapy.

Possible side effects of (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

While generally well-tolerated under medical supervision, this solution can cause adverse effects, particularly when infused inappropriately or without monitoring. Common and serious side effects include:

• Hyperkalemia: Characterized by muscle weakness, paresthesia, cardiac arrhythmias, or in severe cases, cardiac arrest.
• Fluid Overload: May present with peripheral edema, hypertension, pulmonary congestion, and respiratory distress.
• Hyperglycemia: Particularly in diabetic or insulin-resistant patients, due to glucose infusion.
• Thrombophlebitis: Localized pain, redness, or swelling at the IV site due to vein irritation.
• Metabolic Acidosis or Alkalosis: Depending on electrolyte imbalances and patient condition.
• Injection Site Reactions: Pain, inflammation, or leakage due to infiltration or extravasation.

Prompt recognition and management of these side effects are crucial. Continuous patient monitoring, especially of electrolyte levels and cardiovascular status, is essential to reduce complications.

(BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v Contraindications (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

This intravenous solution is contraindicated in several clinical scenarios. Administering the solution in such conditions may lead to life-threatening complications:

• Hyperkalemia or Conditions Predisposing to It: Such as renal failure, Addison's disease, or use of potassium-sparing drugs.
• Severe Renal Impairment: Due to impaired potassium excretion, leading to dangerous accumulation.
• Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus: Because of glucose content, which may exacerbate hyperglycemia.
• Congestive Heart Failure or Pulmonary Edema: Risk of fluid overload.
• Allergy to any component: Hypersensitivity reactions to additives or the plastic container, though rare.

This solution should not be used if the patient has serum potassium above normal limits or if the product appears cloudy, leaking, or expired. Always assess renal and metabolic function before initiation.

Storage of (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3 % w/v

Proper storage of intravenous fluids ensures their effectiveness and safety. (BAXTER) Glucose 5% w/v and Potassium Chloride 0.3% w/v should be stored as follows:

• Temperature: Store at room temperature between 15°C and 25°C. Avoid freezing, as it can damage the solution and container integrity.
• Light Protection: No special protection is required, but store away from direct sunlight.
• Container Integrity: Do not use if the Viaflo bag is damaged, leaking, or if the solution is discolored or contains particles.
• Shelf Life: Use within the expiry date printed on the bag label. Do not reconnect partially used bags.
• After Opening: Once opened, use immediately. Do not store unused portions due to contamination risk.

Ensure that storage areas comply with hospital protocols and that expired or compromised units are discarded properly according to biohazard regulations.