DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5% SOLUTION FOR INFUSION

What is DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution for intravenous infusion that contains 5% dextrose monohydrate, formulated in water. Packaged in a 250ml LDPE bottle, this solution is designed to provide fluid replenishment and a quick source of carbohydrates in the form of glucose. It is commonly used in hospital and emergency care settings to treat dehydration, provide energy, or serve as a carrier for other intravenous medications.

• Form: Solution for infusion
• Concentration: 5% dextrose monohydrate
• Container: 250ml LDPE bottle
• Route of administration: Intravenous (IV)
• Therapeutic use: Energy source, rehydration, and diluent for drug administration

This solution is especially useful in patients who cannot take food orally or need controlled glucose intake. It offers a well-tolerated and easily metabolizable form of carbohydrate for energy metabolism, making it suitable for use in surgical, medical, and emergency care settings.

How to use DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% should be administered only under the supervision of healthcare professionals trained in intravenous therapy. It must be infused intravenously, either through a peripheral vein or central line depending on patient condition and volume requirements.

• Inspect the solution before use; do not use if the solution is cloudy, discolored, or if the container is damaged.
• Use aseptic technique while connecting the infusion set to avoid contamination.
• Administer at a controlled rate depending on the patient’s age, weight, and clinical status. Rapid infusion may cause hyperglycemia or fluid overload.
• Monitor glucose levels during prolonged therapy or in diabetic patients.
• Do not add medications without verifying compatibility with the dextrose solution.

Always follow the dosage and administration guidelines provided by the prescribing physician. Adjustments may be necessary based on electrolyte balance, kidney function, or underlying disease.

Mode of Action DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

The therapeutic effects of DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% stem from its primary ingredient, dextrose monohydrate, which acts as a rapidly metabolizable carbohydrate.

• Energy Source: Dextrose is a simple sugar (glucose) that is readily absorbed and utilized by cells to produce ATP, the body's energy currency.
• Metabolism: Upon entering the bloodstream, dextrose is distributed to tissues where it undergoes glycolysis, generating ATP for cellular functions.
• Brain Function: Glucose is the primary energy source for the brain, making the solution beneficial in managing hypoglycemia and preventing neurological deficits.
• Fluid Rehydration: The 5% glucose solution is isotonic, providing hydration without disrupting osmotic balance in the bloodstream.

DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% not only helps maintain energy levels but also plays a vital role in preventing ketosis and protein catabolism in fasting or critically ill patients. Its glucose content ensures caloric supplementation, particularly in patients unable to take oral nutrition.

DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5% Interactions DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

While DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% is generally safe, it can interact with other medications or clinical treatments. Proper evaluation and compatibility checks must be done prior to co-administration.

• Insulin: Co-administration may lead to hypoglycemia if dextrose infusion rate is not adjusted appropriately.
• Corticosteroids and Diuretics: These may increase blood glucose levels, potentially requiring a modification in dextrose infusion.
• Electrolytes: Dextrose solutions without electrolytes can dilute plasma sodium and potassium concentrations, especially during prolonged administration.
• Calcium Salts: Mixing with calcium-containing drugs may result in precipitation unless compatibility is confirmed.
• Medications for Parenteral Nutrition: May require individualized dosing to avoid metabolic imbalance when used alongside DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5%.

Always refer to compatibility charts and clinical guidelines when combining DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% with other intravenous medications.

Dosage of DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

The dosage of DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% depends on the patient’s age, weight, fluid status, and metabolic needs. It should be administered under medical supervision to avoid adverse effects like fluid overload or hyperglycemia.

• Adults: 500–1000 mL per day or as required. Rate of infusion typically should not exceed 3–4 mL/kg/hour.
• Children: 100–150 mL/kg/day depending on age and clinical condition.
• Elderly: Use cautiously with slower infusion rates due to reduced renal and cardiac reserve.
• Hypoglycemia Management: Infuse 5% dextrose at 50–100 mL/hour or per physician’s protocol until glucose levels normalize.

Dosage adjustments are essential for patients with diabetes, renal impairment, or those on parenteral nutrition. Regular monitoring of blood glucose and fluid balance is recommended during therapy.

Possible side effects of DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

Although DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% is generally well-tolerated, certain adverse reactions may occur, particularly with prolonged or high-volume use.

• Common: Hyperglycemia, electrolyte imbalance (especially hyponatremia), and fluid overload.
• Local: Pain, irritation, or phlebitis at the infusion site.
• Metabolic: Lactic acidosis or hypokalemia with prolonged administration.
• Allergic Reactions: Rare cases of rash, fever, or hypersensitivity responses.
• Neurological: Headache, confusion, or dizziness if glucose metabolism is disrupted.

Immediate medical attention is required in the event of severe allergic reactions, breathing difficulties, or signs of fluid overload such as pulmonary edema. Routine clinical monitoring helps in early detection and management of these adverse effects.

DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5% Contraindications DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% is contraindicated in specific patient groups where glucose metabolism or fluid handling is impaired. It should not be administered in the following cases:

• Known Hypersensitivity: Allergy to dextrose or any excipient in the formulation.
• Severe Hyperglycemia: Uncontrolled blood sugar levels without concurrent insulin administration.
• Intracranial or Intraspinal Hemorrhage: Risk of increased intracranial pressure with glucose administration.
• Anuria or Severe Renal Failure: Risk of fluid overload without appropriate dialysis or fluid management.
• Dehydration with Electrolyte Depletion: Electrolyte solutions should be prioritized before administering dextrose alone.

Special caution should be exercised in diabetic patients, patients with heart failure, or those at risk for fluid retention.

Storage of DEXTROSE/ VIOSER 5%

Proper storage of DEXTROSE/VIOSER 5% ensures its stability, sterility, and effectiveness. Follow these guidelines for safe handling and storage:

• Temperature: Store below 25°C (77°F). Do not freeze.
• Light protection: Keep away from direct sunlight and strong artificial light.
• Container: Maintain in original LDPE bottle; do not use if packaging is damaged or seal is broken.
• Shelf life: Use within the expiration date indicated on the label.
• Post-opening: Once opened, the solution should be used immediately. Discard any unused portion.

Keep out of reach of children and do not use the product if any particulate matter or discoloration is observed. Always follow institutional protocols for the disposal of unused or expired infusion fluids.