ADOL PM Tablets (Caplets)

What is ADOL PM

ADOL PM is an over-the-counter (OTC) combination medication formulated to relieve pain and promote sleep. Each tablet contains two active ingredients: Paracetamol (also known as Acetaminophen), a widely used analgesic and antipyretic, and Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, a first-generation antihistamine with sedative properties.

• Paracetamol: Reduces fever and alleviates mild to moderate pain, such as headaches, muscle aches, back pain, and arthritis.
• Diphenhydramine HCl: Acts as a sedative and antihistamine, helping with occasional sleeplessness, nighttime allergy symptoms, and runny nose.
• This dual-action formulation is ideal for individuals experiencing pain that interferes with sleep.
• ADOL PM is commonly used at bedtime due to the drowsiness caused by diphenhydramine.

It is important to note that ADOL PM is intended for short-term use only and should not be used to treat chronic insomnia or persistent pain without medical supervision.

How to use ADOL PM

For safe and effective use of ADOL PM, follow these guidelines:

• Dosage: Adults and children over 12 years of age should take 2 caplets at bedtime. Do not exceed 2 caplets in 24 hours.
• Route of Administration: Oral use only. Swallow whole with a glass of water; do not crush or chew.
• Time of Use: Take 30 minutes before bedtime to allow the sedative effect of diphenhydramine to begin.
• Duration: Limit use to no more than 10 consecutive days unless directed by a healthcare provider.
• With or Without Food: Can be taken with or without food, though taking it with food may reduce potential gastrointestinal discomfort.

Important:

• Do not combine with other medications containing paracetamol to avoid overdose.
• Avoid alcohol while using ADOL PM due to increased sedation risk.
• Consult a healthcare professional before use if you have liver disease, glaucoma, asthma, or enlarged prostate.

Always read the label and patient information leaflet before use, and contact your healthcare provider if symptoms persist or worsen.

Mode of Action ADOL PM

ADOL PM works through the synergistic action of its two active components:

• Paracetamol (Acetaminophen):
  • Acts centrally in the brain to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, which is responsible for pain and fever.
  • It does not have significant anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for pain without inflammation.
  • It has a relatively fast onset of action (within 30–60 minutes) and lasts for 4–6 hours.
• Diphenhydramine HCl:
  • Functions as a competitive antagonist at H₁ histamine receptors, reducing symptoms like sneezing and watery eyes.
  • Crosses the blood-brain barrier, producing sedative effects by inhibiting central histaminergic activity, which plays a role in wakefulness.
  • Also exhibits anticholinergic properties that contribute to its drowsiness-inducing effects.

Together, the two ingredients target both physical discomfort and sleeplessness, providing relief and promoting restful sleep. This makes ADOL PM particularly helpful for nighttime use when pain disrupts sleep.

ADOL PM Interactions ADOL PM

Drug interactions may affect the effectiveness or safety of ADOL PM. It is essential to be aware of the following potential interactions:

• Alcohol: Increases the risk of liver damage due to paracetamol and intensifies sedation caused by diphenhydramine.
• Other Paracetamol-Containing Products: Using multiple drugs with paracetamol can lead to overdose and liver toxicity.
• CNS Depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, opioids, sedatives): Additive sedative effects may lead to profound drowsiness or respiratory depression.
• Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Should not be taken within 14 days of MAOIs; risk of severe hypertension and CNS excitation.
• Anticholinergic Medications: May increase side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention.
• Warfarin and Other Anticoagulants: Chronic high doses of paracetamol may potentiate anticoagulant effect, though occasional use is typically safe.

Tip: Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, herbal supplements, or vitamins you are taking before using ADOL PM.

Dosage of ADOL PM

The recommended dosage for ADOL PM should be followed precisely to ensure safety and efficacy:

• Adults and Children ≥12 years: 2 caplets at bedtime.
• Maximum Daily Dose: Do not exceed 2 caplets in a 24-hour period.
• Children under 12: Not recommended due to the risk of sedation and inappropriate dosing.
• Geriatric Population: Use with caution; start with the lowest effective dose due to increased sensitivity to diphenhydramine’s sedative and anticholinergic effects.

Dosage adjustments may be needed for:

• Hepatic impairment: Lower doses may be required due to reduced metabolism of paracetamol.
• Renal impairment: Caution is advised as accumulation of metabolites may occur.

Do not exceed the recommended dose. Overdose can lead to serious complications, especially liver damage from paracetamol.

Possible side effects of ADOL PM

Like all medications, ADOL PM may cause side effects. Most are mild and transient, but some can be serious and require medical attention.

• Common Side Effects:
  • Drowsiness or sedation
  • Dry mouth, nose, or throat
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Constipation or urinary retention
• Less Common Side Effects:
  • Blurred vision
  • Headache
  • Nausea or stomach upset
• Serious Side Effects (Seek immediate medical help):
  • Allergic reactions: rash, itching/swelling (especially face/tongue), severe dizziness, difficulty breathing
  • Signs of liver damage: yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine, persistent nausea
  • Confusion or hallucinations, especially in elderly patients

If you experience any persistent or severe symptoms, stop taking the medication and consult your healthcare provider immediately.

ADOL PM Contraindications ADOL PM

ADOL PM should not be used in the following situations:

• Hypersensitivity: Known allergy to paracetamol, diphenhydramine, or any excipients.
• Severe Hepatic Impairment: Due to the risk of paracetamol-induced liver failure.
• Use of MAO Inhibitors: Within the past 14 days due to interaction with diphenhydramine.
• Children Under 12 Years: Not recommended due to potential for serious side effects.
• Glaucoma: Diphenhydramine can increase intraocular pressure.
• Urinary Retention or Prostatic Hypertrophy: May worsen symptoms due to anticholinergic effects.

Consult a physician before using ADOL PM if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking other medications.

Storage of ADOL PM

Proper storage of ADOL PM is essential to maintain its safety and effectiveness:

• Storage Temperature: Store at room temperature, ideally between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
• Keep Away From: Moisture, direct sunlight, and heat sources. Avoid storing in the bathroom.
• Original Packaging: Keep in its blister pack until use to protect from environmental exposure.
• Child Safety: Store out of reach and sight of children. The sedative effects can be dangerous if taken accidentally.
• Do Not Use After Expiry: Check expiration date before use. Dispose of any expired or unused medication responsibly.

If unsure how to discard expired medicines, consult your pharmacist for proper disposal methods to protect the environment and community safety.