HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml Injection

What is HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

**HUMULIN PROFILE-40** is a type of insulin medication used to control blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes. This medication is formulated as a **biphasic insulin**—meaning it combines both **short-acting (regular insulin)** and **intermediate-acting (isophane insulin)** components. It is designed to offer **dual coverage**: immediate blood sugar regulation post-meal and prolonged control of blood glucose levels between meals or overnight.

**Key Features**:

• Composition: Contains 40% **regular insulin (soluble insulin)**, which acts rapidly, and 60% **isophane insulin**, which is long-acting.
• Available Form: It is available in a **10 mL vial**, providing **100 IU/mL** of insulin, which is convenient for long-term use and ensures an adequate supply for daily insulin needs.
• Indications: It is primarily used for managing **Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes** in patients who require both rapid and prolonged insulin action.
• Action Profile: The rapid-acting portion helps control blood sugar during meals, while the intermediate-acting portion helps maintain basal insulin levels over the day.
• Administration: Administered via subcutaneous injection, typically before meals, for optimal glucose control.

HUMULIN PROFILE-40 is a vital tool for individuals with diabetes, offering both **short-term and long-term insulin** needs in one convenient formulation. This makes it particularly useful for patients who require consistent control throughout the day and night, minimizing the number of injections required.

How to use HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

Correct administration of **HUMULIN PROFILE-40** is crucial to ensure effective blood sugar control and to minimize potential side effects. The medication is administered through a **subcutaneous injection**. Below are the key steps for proper use:

• Inspect the Insulin: Before use, ensure the insulin is **cloudy** and not **clear** (due to the isophane insulin). Gently **roll** the vial between your hands to mix it; avoid shaking vigorously, as this can cause air bubbles.
• Prepare Your Syringe: Clean your hands thoroughly. Attach a **sterile needle** to a syringe, draw up the prescribed dose of insulin, and ensure no **air bubbles** are in the syringe. If air bubbles are present, tap the syringe to release them.
• Select and Clean Injection Site: Common sites for injection include the **abdomen** or **thigh**. Clean the skin at the injection site with an alcohol swab.
• Inject the Insulin: Pinch the skin at the injection site to form a fold and insert the needle at a **90-degree angle**. Inject the insulin slowly. After the injection, wait **5-10 seconds** before withdrawing the needle to ensure the full dose is delivered.
• Dispose of the Syringe: Use a **sharps container** for proper disposal of used syringes and needles.

Additional Tips:

• **Frequency of Dosing**: HUMULIN PROFILE-40 is generally injected **once or twice a day**, depending on your doctor's recommendations.
• **Rotate Injection Sites**: To avoid irritation or tissue damage, change the injection site regularly (e.g., alternate between the abdomen and thigh).
• **Blood Glucose Monitoring**: Regular testing of blood sugar levels is essential to ensure proper control and adjust the insulin dose as needed.

Following these instructions will help ensure proper insulin delivery, reduce the risk of side effects, and improve overall diabetes management.

Mode of Action HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

**HUMULIN PROFILE-40** works by combining **two different types of insulin** to provide a balanced approach to blood glucose control. The two types of insulin in the formulation—**regular insulin** (40%) and **isophane insulin** (60%)—work together to offer both **rapid and sustained** action, mimicking the body's natural insulin secretion pattern.

Here’s how each component works:

• Regular Insulin (Soluble Insulin - 40%): This component is **rapid-acting**, starting to lower blood glucose levels within **30 minutes to 1 hour** after injection. It peaks at **2 to 4 hours**, helping to address postprandial (after-meal) blood sugar spikes.
• Isophane Insulin (Intermediate-Acting - 60%): The isophane insulin component has a **slower onset** and **prolonged action**, maintaining glucose control for up to **12 hours** after administration. This provides **basal insulin** coverage, stabilizing blood sugar levels between meals and overnight.

The combination of these two types of insulin ensures a **continuous release** of insulin throughout the day and night. This biphasic insulin profile mimics the body’s natural **insulin rhythm**, which increases after meals and remains at a basal level during fasting periods.

In short, **HUMULIN PROFILE-40** provides a **comprehensive** solution for **both immediate and long-lasting glucose control** with a single injection, making it easier for patients to manage their diabetes with fewer injections.

HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml Interactions HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

Like all medications, **HUMULIN PROFILE-40** can interact with other drugs, which may affect its efficacy or cause harmful side effects. Understanding these interactions is essential for safe and effective insulin therapy.

Common Drug Interactions:

• Oral Antidiabetic Medications: Drugs like **sulfonylureas** (e.g., glibenclamide) may increase the insulin's effectiveness, leading to a higher risk of **hypoglycemia**. Adjustments to the insulin dose may be necessary.
• Corticosteroids: **Corticosteroids** (e.g., prednisone) can raise blood sugar levels, possibly requiring an increase in insulin doses to maintain glucose control.
• Beta-Blockers: **Beta-blockers** (e.g., propranolol) may **mask** the symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as shaking, tachycardia (fast heart rate), and sweating. This can make it difficult for patients to detect low blood sugar levels.
• Diuretics: **Thiazide diuretics** (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide) may increase blood sugar levels, which might necessitate insulin dose adjustments to maintain adequate glucose control.
• MAO Inhibitors: **Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)** can also enhance the risk of hypoglycemia when used with insulin, requiring more careful monitoring of blood glucose levels.

Management of Drug Interactions:

• Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
• Regular blood glucose monitoring is critical when starting new medications or changing existing treatments to adjust insulin doses accordingly.

By being aware of potential drug interactions, patients can work closely with their healthcare providers to ensure optimal insulin control and avoid complications.

Dosage of HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

The dosage of **HUMULIN PROFILE-40** is tailored to each patient's specific needs based on their blood glucose control, body weight, physical activity, and overall health. It is typically administered as a **subcutaneous injection** either once or twice daily, depending on the individual's insulin requirements.

General Dosage Recommendations:

• Initial Dosage: For **Type 1 diabetes**, the starting dose is generally **0.5 to 1.0 unit per kilogram** of body weight per day. For **Type 2 diabetes**, insulin therapy is initiated when oral medications are no longer effective, with the starting dose adjusted based on individual needs.
• Adjustments Based on Blood Glucose Levels: The dose is adjusted based on regular blood glucose monitoring. If blood sugar levels are persistently high or low, the dosage will need to be modified accordingly.
• Frequency of Dosing: Typically, **HUMULIN PROFILE-40** is injected **once or twice daily** before meals, although frequency can vary based on the patient’s diabetes management plan and response to treatment.

Important Considerations:

• **Monitor Blood Glucose**: Patients should check their blood glucose levels regularly, particularly when starting insulin therapy or changing doses.
• **Consult with Healthcare Providers**: Dosage adjustments should always be done in consultation with a healthcare provider, who can assess the individual’s response and make necessary modifications to treatment.

By following the recommended dosing guidelines, patients can achieve better blood glucose control and reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes.

Possible side effects of HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

Common Side Effects:

• Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar): The most common side effect of insulin therapy. Symptoms include shaking, sweating, confusion, irritability, and dizziness. Severe hypoglycemia can lead to unconsciousness or seizures.
• Injection Site Reactions: Pain, redness, or swelling may occur at the injection site. **Lipodystrophy** (changes in fat tissue) may also develop if injection sites are not rotated regularly.
• Weight Gain: Insulin can promote the storage of fat, leading to weight gain in some individuals, especially if glucose control improves.

Serious Side Effects:

• Severe Hypoglycemia: Extreme low blood sugar levels can lead to loss of consciousness, seizures, or death if not treated immediately. Always carry a source of glucose with you in case of emergencies.
• Allergic Reactions: Rarely, patients may experience allergic reactions such as rash, itching, or swelling of the face, lips, or throat. Severe reactions are rare but require immediate medical attention.

If you experience any of the above side effects, especially **severe hypoglycemia** or signs of an allergic reaction, it’s critical to seek medical help right away.

HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml Contraindications HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

**HUMULIN PROFILE-40** is generally a safe and effective insulin therapy for individuals with diabetes. However, like any medication, there are certain situations where its use may be contraindicated or require special precautions. Contraindications refer to situations where the drug should **not be used** due to potential harm to the patient.

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to Insulin or Any Component of the Formulation: If a patient has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to insulin or any of the excipients in HUMULIN PROFILE-40, it should not be used. Allergic reactions can range from mild skin reactions to more severe reactions like anaphylaxis (severe allergic shock), which requires immediate medical attention.
• Severe Hypoglycemia: HUMULIN PROFILE-40 should not be used during episodes of **severe hypoglycemia** (low blood sugar), as it could exacerbate the condition. Patients experiencing hypoglycemia should address the low blood sugar before using insulin.
• Severe Liver or Kidney Disease: In patients with **severe liver or kidney impairment**, insulin metabolism and clearance may be altered, requiring dose adjustments. In such cases, alternative insulin regimens or more frequent monitoring may be necessary to prevent either hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: While insulin use is generally considered safe during pregnancy, HUMULIN PROFILE-40 should only be used if clearly needed and under a healthcare provider’s supervision. Dosage adjustments may be required during pregnancy. The medication should be used with caution during breastfeeding, as insulin levels may fluctuate.
• Conditions of Acute Illness or Infection: During periods of acute illness or infection, blood sugar levels may fluctuate, and insulin needs may increase. Special monitoring and potential adjustments in insulin therapy may be necessary under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

Patients must always consult with their healthcare provider before starting insulin therapy, especially if any of these contraindications apply. This will ensure that the correct insulin regimen is chosen based on their individual health needs.

Storage of HUMULIN PROFILE-40 100 IU/ml

Proper storage of **HUMULIN PROFILE-40** is essential to maintain its **effectiveness** and **stability**. Incorrect storage may lead to the degradation of the insulin, affecting its ability to control blood glucose levels effectively. Here are the key guidelines for storing this medication:

• Unopened Vials: Keep unopened vials of HUMULIN PROFILE-40 in the **refrigerator** at a temperature between **2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F)**. Do not freeze the insulin, as freezing can damage the medication, making it ineffective. **Do not store insulin in the freezer**, and discard any insulin that has been frozen.
• Opened Vials: Once a vial is opened, it can be stored at room temperature (below **25°C/77°F**) for up to **28 days**. Do not expose the vial to excessive heat or direct sunlight. After 28 days, discard any unused insulin, even if it has been kept at room temperature.
• Protect from Light and Heat: Always store insulin in a cool, dry place and protect it from **light** and **extreme temperatures**. Avoid storing the vial in places like the glove compartment of a car, near windows, or in the bathroom where temperature fluctuations are common.
• Insulin Pen Storage: If using an insulin pen, the pen should be kept at room temperature after opening, and it should be disposed of after **28 days** of use. The unused pens should remain in the refrigerator until used.
• Travel Considerations: When traveling, use an **insulin cooler bag** to maintain the correct temperature for your insulin. Ensure that the insulin does not freeze or get overheated, particularly when flying.

Important Notes:

• Always check the insulin before use. Do not use it if it appears **clear** instead of **cloudy** or if there are visible particles in it.
• If insulin becomes too warm or is exposed to excessive heat, it may lose its effectiveness. Store it properly to ensure it works as intended.

By following these storage guidelines, you can help ensure that HUMULIN PROFILE-40 remains effective and safe for use throughout its prescribed duration.