5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL] Injection/Solution for

What is 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

The 5% w/v Dextrose 0.18% w/v Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [MEDISAL] is a sterile, non-pyrogenic intravenous solution used primarily for fluid replacement, electrolyte balance, and as a source of calories. It is typically packaged in a 500ml polypropylene bottle for ease of use and storage. This infusion combines dextrose, a form of glucose, with sodium chloride, the chemical name for common salt.

• Dextrose (as monohydrate): Provides a readily metabolizable source of calories and supports fluid retention.
• Sodium chloride: Maintains osmotic equilibrium and supports plasma volume expansion.
• USP Grade: Indicates compliance with the United States Pharmacopeia standards for purity and quality.
• Common Uses: Rehydration therapy, correction of mild hyponatremia, and calorie supplementation during fasting or post-surgery.
• Administration: This solution is administered intravenously under medical supervision.

This combination is especially useful when both fluid volume and a modest amount of electrolytes are needed without risking excessive sodium load.

How to use 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

This solution is intended for intravenous infusion only and must be administered by trained healthcare professionals.

• Check the solution: Inspect the bottle for clarity and ensure it is free from particles, discoloration, or leaks.
• Administration method: Administer using a sterile infusion set with an aseptic technique. The infusion rate depends on the patient’s condition and clinical requirements.
• Dosage adjustments: Adjust based on fluid loss, metabolic demand, renal function, and laboratory results (e.g., sodium and glucose levels).
• Monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, blood glucose, electrolyte levels, and fluid balance during therapy.
• Compatibility: Avoid mixing with other medications unless verified for compatibility.

Always follow the physician’s prescription and do not attempt self-administration. Any unused portion should be discarded after single use.

Mode of Action 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

This dual-component IV solution acts through the pharmacological effects of its constituents:

• Dextrose: Once administered, dextrose is rapidly absorbed and metabolized by body cells to produce energy (ATP). This helps support metabolic processes and prevents ketosis during fasting states.
• Sodium chloride: Dissociates into sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions in the bloodstream, helping to regulate fluid balance, nerve function, and acid-base equilibrium.
• Osmotic effect: The solution has a hypotonic effect due to the low sodium concentration, allowing for intracellular hydration while minimizing the risk of hypernatremia.

Overall, this solution promotes rehydration, electrolyte replenishment, and provides immediate energy in patients who cannot intake fluids or nutrients orally.

5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL] Interactions 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

Although generally well tolerated, this solution may interact with certain medications or exacerbate specific medical conditions.

• Corticosteroids and ACTH: These drugs may increase sodium retention, which can potentiate the sodium content in the solution and raise the risk of fluid overload.
• Diuretics: Can disrupt sodium or fluid balance, and co-administration may require close monitoring of electrolyte status.
• Insulin: May be needed for diabetic patients to manage hyperglycemia associated with dextrose infusion.
• Other IV medications: Compatibility with additives must be confirmed before co-administration in the same line to prevent precipitation or inactivation.

Always inform the healthcare provider about current medications and comorbidities to avoid interactions.

Dosage of 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

The dosage is individualized based on patient age, weight, clinical condition, and fluid/electrolyte requirements.

• Adults: Typically administered at a rate of 500 to 1000 ml over several hours. Maximum daily fluid intake should not exceed 2-3 liters unless under strict supervision.
• Pediatrics: Dose is adjusted according to body weight and specific needs. Pediatric patients are at higher risk for electrolyte imbalances.
• Elderly: May require reduced volumes due to decreased renal or cardiac function.
• Monitoring: Fluid balance, serum sodium, and glucose levels should be closely monitored during administration.

Always follow institutional protocols and consult clinical guidelines for precise dosage in specialized populations (e.g., renal or hepatic impairment).

Possible side effects of 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

Though generally well-tolerated, some adverse effects can occur, especially with inappropriate use or underlying conditions.

• Fluid overload: May result in pulmonary edema or hypertension, especially in patients with compromised cardiac or renal function.
• Electrolyte disturbances: Such as hyponatremia or hyperglycemia, particularly in diabetic or renal-impaired individuals.
• Thrombophlebitis: Local vein irritation or inflammation at the infusion site may occur.
• Infections: Improper aseptic technique can lead to catheter-related infections.
• Allergic reactions: Rare but possible, including rash, itching, or anaphylaxis.

Immediate medical attention is warranted if any serious or unexpected symptoms arise during administration.

5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL] Contraindications 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

This solution should not be used in the following cases unless absolutely necessary and under close medical supervision:

• Hyperglycemia: Dextrose can worsen high blood sugar in uncontrolled diabetes.
• Fluid overload states: Such as congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, or severe renal impairment.
• Severe hyponatremia: The low sodium concentration may not be adequate for patients needing aggressive sodium replacement.
• Known hypersensitivity: To any of the ingredients or packaging material.

Caution is also advised in patients with cerebral edema or head trauma due to the potential for worsened outcomes with hypotonic solutions.

Storage of 5% w/v DEXTROSE 0.18% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

Proper storage ensures the sterility, efficacy, and safety of the solution until it is administered.

• Temperature: Store at 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). Avoid exposure to extreme heat or freezing conditions.
• Light protection: Keep away from direct sunlight. Use protective covering if needed.
• Container integrity: Discard if the container shows signs of leakage, damage, or discoloration of contents.
• Single-use only: Once opened, the solution should not be stored or reused. Discard any unused portion immediately.
• Expiry date: Always check before use and never administer an expired product.

Follow institutional guidelines for disposal of medical waste to prevent contamination or misuse.