5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL) Injection/Solution for

What is 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

5% w/v Dextrose & 0.225% w/v Sodium Chloride (MEDISAL) is a sterile, non-pyrogenic intravenous (IV) infusion solution formulated to replenish fluids, provide calories, and correct mild electrolyte imbalances. It is used primarily in clinical settings to maintain hydration and support basic physiological needs.

• Dextrose (5% w/v): A form of glucose used by the body for energy. It helps in preventing ketosis and supports metabolic functions.
• Sodium Chloride (0.225% w/v): Supplies sodium and chloride ions to support extracellular fluid balance and electrolyte homeostasis.

This solution is ideal for:

• Patients who are dehydrated or at risk of dehydration
• Maintenance of fluid levels in individuals who are unable to consume fluids orally
• Post-operative fluid management
• Patients requiring mild sodium supplementation along with caloric support

The product is supplied in a 500ml polypropylene bottle, making it suitable for controlled infusion in both adult and pediatric patients. Its composition offers a balance between isotonic and hypotonic properties, providing a safe option for short- to medium-term intravenous therapy.

How to use 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

The administration of this infusion should always be performed under strict medical supervision. It is intended for intravenous use only and should be delivered using aseptic techniques.

• Preparation: Inspect the polypropylene bottle before use. Do not use if the solution appears cloudy or if the container is leaking or damaged.
• Route of administration: Administer via intravenous infusion (preferably peripheral or central line as clinically indicated).
• Infusion rate: To be determined by a healthcare provider based on patient age, weight, electrolyte levels, fluid status, and clinical condition.

Clinical monitoring is crucial during administration:

• Check for signs of fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance
• Monitor blood glucose levels, especially in diabetic patients
• Ensure patency of IV line to avoid infiltration or phlebitis

The 500ml bottle is typically infused over several hours, depending on the treatment goal. This product should not be mixed with incompatible drugs or reused once opened.

Mode of Action 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

This IV solution acts by delivering essential fluids, glucose (energy), and electrolytes (sodium and chloride) directly into the bloodstream to support metabolic and cellular function.

• Dextrose: Once infused, dextrose is rapidly metabolized by body cells to produce energy. This prevents muscle breakdown and ketosis in fasting or malnourished patients.
• Sodium Chloride: Dissociates into sodium and chloride ions, which are vital for nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and maintaining acid-base balance.

The combined physiological actions:

• Promote hydration by increasing extracellular fluid volume
• Support cellular metabolism via glucose delivery
• Restore or maintain plasma osmolarity
• Prevent and treat mild sodium loss associated with illness or fluid imbalance

The solution’s hypotonic character (relative to plasma) allows for partial intracellular hydration, making it suitable in mild dehydration or maintenance therapy.

5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL) Interactions 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

This infusion can interact with medications or disease states, influencing fluid and electrolyte balance, glucose metabolism, or drug efficacy. It is important to evaluate potential interactions before initiating therapy.

• Corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids: May lead to sodium retention and potassium loss, increasing the risk of electrolyte imbalance.
• Insulin: Enhances cellular uptake of glucose, which may increase the risk of hypoglycemia if not carefully monitored.
• Diuretics: Concomitant use may enhance fluid and electrolyte shifts, particularly sodium depletion or overload depending on the diuretic type.
• Antihypertensive agents: Fluid and sodium content may counteract therapeutic effects.

Clinical condition-based considerations:

• Diabetes mellitus: Dextrose content may elevate blood glucose levels
• Renal or cardiac impairment: Risk of fluid retention, edema, or electrolyte imbalances
• Hepatic disease: Altered glucose metabolism may affect infusion outcomes

Always assess compatibility before co-administering with other IV drugs or blood products. Incompatibilities can lead to precipitation or reduced drug efficacy.

Dosage of 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

The dosage must be tailored to the patient’s clinical status, fluid and electrolyte needs, age, and comorbid conditions. It should be prescribed and monitored by a healthcare professional.

• Adults: Typically infused at rates between 500–1000 ml per 24 hours for maintenance. Higher volumes may be used for fluid replacement if clinically indicated.
• Children: Dosage is strictly weight-based (e.g., 20–100 ml/kg/day) and must consider age-specific fluid requirements.
• Elderly: May require reduced infusion volumes due to impaired renal or cardiac function. Close monitoring is essential.

Infusion guidelines:

• Administer at a controlled rate to avoid overload
• Monitor electrolytes and glucose levels regularly
• Adjust dose in cases of renal or hepatic impairment

The 500ml polypropylene bottle is often suitable for short-term infusions or maintenance fluid therapy in stable patients. Use only as directed by medical personnel.

Possible side effects of 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

This IV solution is generally safe, but side effects can occur, especially when used in large volumes or in patients with specific health conditions. Side effects are usually related to fluid, electrolyte, or glucose imbalances.

• Common side effects:
  • Swelling or puffiness (due to fluid retention)
  • Mild hyperglycemia
  • Irritation or pain at the injection site
• Serious adverse effects:
  • Hypo- or hypernatremia (low or high blood sodium)
  • Fluid overload, potentially leading to pulmonary edema
  • Hyperglycemia, especially in diabetics
  • Seizures or altered mental status due to severe electrolyte shifts

Notify a healthcare provider if the patient experiences:

• Breathing difficulty
• Sudden weight gain
• Swelling of the face or extremities
• Changes in consciousness or unusual fatigue

Side effects are preventable with proper dosing, monitoring, and patient assessment.

5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL) Contraindications 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

This infusion solution should not be used in certain patient groups or clinical situations where it may pose a health risk.

• Severe renal impairment: Inability to excrete sodium or fluids may result in overload or hypernatremia.
• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: The dextrose content can exacerbate hyperglycemia.
• Congestive heart failure: May worsen due to fluid accumulation.
• Hypernatremia: Existing high sodium levels can be further aggravated.
• Allergy or intolerance to dextrose or sodium chloride: Though rare, hypersensitivity reactions can occur.

Caution is also advised in:

• Pediatric and neonatal populations—require accurate dosing
• Patients with edema or fluid retention disorders
• Post-surgical patients with restricted fluid intake

A detailed risk-benefit assessment is essential before prescribing this IV therapy.

Storage of 5% W/V DEXTROSE & 0.225% W/V SODIUM CHLORIDE (MEDISAL)

Proper storage is essential to maintain the sterility and efficacy of the solution.

• Temperature: Store between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Short-term excursions between 15°C and 30°C are acceptable.
• Protection: Keep away from direct light, freezing, and high heat. Avoid exposure to chemical vapors.
• Integrity check: Inspect the bottle before use. Do not use if the container is damaged, leaking, or if the solution is cloudy or discolored.
• Single-use only: Once opened, the entire content should be used immediately. Discard any unused portion to avoid contamination.

Keep out of reach of children. Store in original packaging until ready to use. Follow institutional protocols for disposal of medical waste.