3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP Infusion/Solution for

What is 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

3.33% w/v Dextrose & 0.3% w/v Sodium Chloride Injection USP is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution used for intravenous administration. It contains two essential components:

• Dextrose (as monohydrate) – 3.33% w/v: A simple sugar that provides a source of energy and supports fluid and electrolyte balance.
• Sodium chloride – 0.3% w/v: Common salt that helps replenish lost sodium and maintain osmotic equilibrium.

This solution is primarily indicated for patients needing hydration, mild caloric supplementation, and electrolyte replenishment. It is often used in clinical settings such as hospitals for patients who are unable to maintain adequate oral intake.

This infusion is particularly beneficial in treating:

• Dehydration with mild electrolyte loss
• Post-operative fluid maintenance
• Patients with low sodium levels (hyponatremia)

The formulation is packed in a 500ml plastic bag and is administered via intravenous infusion under medical supervision.

How to use 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

This medication must be administered by a healthcare professional in a controlled medical environment. Usage involves the following guidelines:

• Route of Administration: Intravenous infusion (IV drip)
• Dosage: Depends on the patient’s clinical condition, age, weight, and electrolyte balance. A physician will determine the exact rate and volume.
• Infusion Rate: Should be adjusted to the patient’s fluid and electrolyte needs. Slow infusion is recommended to avoid fluid overload.

Prior to administration:

• Inspect the solution for clarity and absence of particulate matter or discoloration.
• Ensure the bag is not leaking and that the seal is intact.
• Use only if the solution is clear and the container is undamaged.

The infusion is typically connected to a sterile IV set, and the rate is regulated using an infusion pump or manual drip counter. Patients should be monitored throughout the infusion for signs of electrolyte imbalance or fluid overload.

Mode of Action 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

The therapeutic effects of this solution stem from its two active ingredients:

• Dextrose: Once administered, dextrose is rapidly metabolized to carbon dioxide and water, providing a quick source of energy. It also spares body proteins and helps maintain liver glycogen stores during fasting or catabolic states.
• Sodium Chloride: This replenishes extracellular sodium levels and contributes to osmotic balance. Sodium is vital for nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and regulation of blood pressure and blood volume.

Together, these components support:

• Maintenance of fluid homeostasis
• Correction of mild hyponatremia
• Caloric support in malnourished or dehydrated patients

By combining glucose and saline, the infusion offers dual support in restoring both energy and electrolyte balance in acute and maintenance therapy.

3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP Interactions 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

Although generally safe under medical supervision, this infusion may interact with the following:

• Corticosteroids (e.g., hydrocortisone): Can increase sodium retention and may exacerbate fluid overload.
• Diuretics: Loop or thiazide diuretics can alter electrolyte balance, especially potassium and sodium levels.
• Insulin: May be required in diabetic patients to manage glucose from dextrose; insulin also facilitates the cellular uptake of glucose and potassium.
• ACE inhibitors and ARBs: These can alter renal sodium handling and may increase the risk of electrolyte imbalance.

Patients should be monitored for:

• Serum glucose fluctuations in diabetic individuals
• Electrolyte levels (especially sodium and potassium)
• Fluid overload in cardiac or renal impairment

Dosage of 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

The dosage and rate of infusion depend on individual patient needs and clinical judgment. However, general dosing guidelines include:

• Adults: 500–1000 ml/day depending on fluid and electrolyte requirements.
• Children: Dosing is weight-based; typically 20–100 ml/kg/day under close monitoring.
• Infusion Rate: Should not exceed the patient’s renal excretion capacity to avoid fluid overload.

Monitoring requirements during administration:

• Blood glucose (especially in diabetics)
• Serum electrolytes and osmolality
• Fluid input/output and signs of overhydration

Always administer using aseptic techniques. Do not mix with incompatible solutions unless under expert supervision.

Possible side effects of 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

This formulation is generally well-tolerated, but some adverse effects may occur:

• Hyperglycemia: Especially in diabetic or insulin-resistant patients due to the dextrose content.
• Fluid overload: Signs include peripheral edema, pulmonary edema, and hypertension.
• Electrolyte imbalance: Overcorrection or improper monitoring can lead to hypo/hypernatremia or hypokalemia.
• Phlebitis: Inflammation of the vein at the infusion site, especially with prolonged use.
• Hypersensitivity reactions: Rare, but may include rash, itching, or fever.

Patients with pre-existing cardiac, hepatic, or renal impairments are more susceptible to these side effects and require close monitoring.

3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP Contraindications 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

This solution should not be used in the following conditions:

• Severe hypernatremia: May worsen sodium overload.
• Hyperglycemia or diabetic coma (untreated): Dextrose can exacerbate elevated blood glucose levels.
• Congestive heart failure: Risk of fluid overload and pulmonary edema.
• Renal failure with oliguria or anuria: Inability to excrete fluids and electrolytes may lead to toxicity.
• Uncontrolled edema or fluid retention disorders

Use with caution in:

• Patients on corticosteroids or other drugs affecting fluid balance
• Diabetic patients requiring glucose monitoring and insulin adjustment

Storage of 3.33% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.3% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

Proper storage ensures the safety and effectiveness of the solution:

• Storage Temperature: Store below 25°C. Do not freeze.
• Light Protection: Keep in the original packaging to protect from light if required by the manufacturer.
• Integrity Check: Discard the bag if it shows signs of leakage, damage, or discoloration.
• Single Use: Once opened, the solution should be used immediately. Discard any unused portion to prevent contamination.

Keep out of reach of children and dispose of used containers safely, in accordance with local guidelines for medical waste.