10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP Infusion/Solution for

What is 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

10% Dextrose & 0.45% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution intended for intravenous (IV) administration. It combines two essential components:

• Dextrose (Glucose) 10%: A simple sugar that serves as a rapid source of energy and helps maintain blood glucose levels.
• Sodium Chloride 0.45%: A hypotonic saline solution that helps in fluid and electrolyte replenishment.

This infusion is commonly used in hospitalized patients to:

• Provide calories for energy.
• Restore fluid balance and maintain hydration.
• Treat hypoglycemia or electrolyte imbalances.
• Serve as a diluent for compatible medications.

It is suitable for use under medical supervision in settings such as intensive care, emergency rooms, and during perioperative care.

How to use 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

This solution must be administered intravenously and only by trained healthcare professionals. Key guidelines for usage include:

• Ensure the product is clear and free from particulates before use.
• Use aseptic technique during administration.
• The infusion rate and volume should be determined by a physician based on the patient’s age, weight, fluid balance, and clinical condition.
• May be infused via peripheral or central venous line depending on patient needs.
• Do not administer simultaneously with blood products in the same IV line.

Monitor the patient continuously for:

• Signs of fluid overload (e.g., edema, dyspnea).
• Electrolyte disturbances (e.g., hyponatremia, hyperglycemia).
• Signs of infection at the injection site.

Mode of Action 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

The therapeutic effect of this solution is derived from the combined actions of dextrose and sodium chloride:

• Dextrose: Rapidly absorbed and metabolized by the body to provide energy. It helps in sparing body protein and preventing ketosis in patients with limited oral intake.
• Sodium Chloride: Replenishes essential electrolytes (mainly sodium and chloride) and helps maintain osmotic balance and extracellular fluid volume.

Together, they support:

• Restoration of intravascular volume.
• Correction of electrolyte deficiencies.
• Glucose homeostasis, especially in hypoglycemic conditions.

10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP Interactions 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

Though generally safe when administered under supervision, interactions may occur with:

• Corticosteroids or corticotropin: May lead to fluid retention and electrolyte imbalance.
• Potassium-sparing diuretics: Risk of hyperkalemia when combined with sodium chloride infusions.
• Insulin: Concomitant use may require dose adjustment due to altered glucose metabolism.
• Antihypertensive agents: Monitor for changes in blood pressure due to volume expansion.

Always inform the physician of all medications being taken before administration of this solution.

Dosage of 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

Dosage depends on the individual patient's needs. General guidelines include:

• Adults: 500–3000 mL per day, depending on fluid/electrolyte needs.
• Pediatrics: Dosage is weight-based, and must be calculated carefully by a healthcare provider.

Key considerations:

• Adjust dose in renal or cardiac patients to avoid fluid overload.
• Monitor blood glucose and serum electrolytes regularly during administration.
• Infusion rate should not exceed the patient’s renal capacity to handle fluid and glucose load.

Possible side effects of 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

Most patients tolerate the solution well, but possible side effects may include:

• Fluid Overload: Edema, pulmonary congestion, hypertension.
• Electrolyte Imbalance: Hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypokalemia, especially in long-term use.
• Hyperglycemia: Especially in diabetic patients or with large volumes.
• Phlebitis: Inflammation at the injection site due to vein irritation.
• Allergic Reactions: Rare but may include rash, itching, or breathing difficulties.

Immediate medical attention is required if signs of allergic reaction or serious electrolyte imbalance appear.

10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP Contraindications 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

This infusion should not be used in patients with:

• Severe renal impairment (risk of fluid retention and electrolyte disturbances).
• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (risk of hyperglycemia and osmotic diuresis).
• Congestive heart failure or pulmonary edema (risk of fluid overload).
• Hypersensitivity to dextrose, sodium chloride, or any component of the solution.

Always perform a thorough assessment and review the patient’s medical history before prescribing or administering.

Storage of 10% w/v DEXTROSE & 0.45% w/v SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

Proper storage conditions are critical to ensure safety and efficacy:

• Store at controlled room temperature (15°C to 25°C).
• Protect from excessive heat and direct sunlight.
• Do not freeze the solution.
• Check for solution clarity and container integrity before use.
• Discard any unused portion after opening. Do not reuse partially used bottles.

Always follow hospital or clinic protocols for IV fluid storage and usage.