0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL] Injection/Solution for

What is 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] is a sterile, isotonic solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water, used for a variety of medical purposes. This solution contains 9 grams of sodium chloride per liter (0.9%) and is typically administered intravenously. It is commonly referred to as normal saline and is one of the most widely used intravenous fluids in clinical settings. This product is available in a 250ml polypropylene bag and is often used in healthcare settings, particularly in hospitals and emergency care units.

• Active Ingredient: Sodium Chloride (NaCl), 0.9% w/v
• Generic Name: Carbocisteine (This specific formulation is intended for fluid replenishment, and Carbocisteine is generally an adjunct treatment for respiratory conditions, but not directly linked with sodium chloride solutions.)
• Indications: 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] is used for fluid and electrolyte replenishment, as a vehicle for the administration of other drugs, and for irrigation of body cavities. It can also be used as a diluent for other medications.
• Uses: Commonly prescribed for rehydration, shock, burns, or to dilute other intravenous medications.

Due to its composition, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection mimics the electrolyte balance found in human blood plasma, making it ideal for intravenous administration in various medical situations.

How to use 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] should be administered by healthcare professionals, typically intravenously. The dosage and administration depend on the patient's condition, age, and medical requirements. The following guidelines provide general information on its use:

• Administration Route: Intravenous (IV) infusion
• Preparation: Before use, visually inspect the solution for clarity and particulate matter. It should only be used if the solution is clear and the bag is intact.
• Infusion Rate: The rate of administration should be determined by the healthcare provider, depending on the clinical situation. Infusion is usually done slowly to prevent fluid overload.
• Precautions: Ensure proper monitoring of electrolyte balance and hydration status during administration. Continuous monitoring of the patient's vital signs is recommended to prevent complications like fluid overload or electrolyte disturbances.

For precise dosing and infusion rate, medical practitioners should assess the patient's clinical needs, such as fluid loss, electrolyte imbalances, and response to the infusion. The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate volume and infusion duration based on individual patient requirements.

Mode of Action 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] is an isotonic solution, which means it has a similar concentration of salts (sodium chloride) as that found in the body's extracellular fluid. This property makes it effective in replenishing fluids and electrolytes that are lost due to dehydration, trauma, surgery, or other medical conditions. The primary mode of action includes:

• Electrolyte Balance: Sodium chloride helps restore electrolyte balance in the body, particularly sodium, which is crucial for nerve function, muscle contraction, and maintaining blood pressure.
• Hydration: As an isotonic solution, it helps to rehydrate the body, particularly after fluid loss due to vomiting, diarrhea, burns, or excessive sweating.
• Maintaining Blood Pressure: Sodium chloride helps maintain blood volume and blood pressure. It is often used in shock or hypotension cases to stabilize the patient’s circulatory system.
• Diluent for Medications: Sodium chloride solutions are commonly used to dilute other intravenous medications, providing a safe vehicle for administration.

By closely mimicking the body's plasma composition, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection effectively restores the body's fluid and electrolyte levels, ensuring normal cellular functions are maintained.

0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL] Interactions 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

While 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] is generally safe to use, it can interact with certain medications and conditions. The following interactions should be considered:

• Medications: When used in conjunction with other intravenous drugs, care should be taken to avoid precipitation or incompatibilities. Some medications may require a different diluent or infusion solution.
• Electrolyte Imbalances: Administering 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to patients on medications that alter sodium or fluid balance, such as diuretics, corticosteroids, or certain antihypertensive drugs, may require closer monitoring to avoid electrolyte imbalances.
• Hypernatremia: In patients with renal impairment or conditions that affect sodium regulation, administering 0.9% Sodium Chloride may exacerbate sodium retention, leading to hypernatremia. This is particularly important for elderly patients or those with kidney diseases.
• Diuretics: Diuretics like furosemide may interact with sodium chloride, increasing the risk of sodium retention or depletion when combined.

Always inform healthcare providers of any other medications or conditions to ensure appropriate management of any potential interactions.

Dosage of 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

The dosage of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] varies depending on the clinical condition, the patient's age, body weight, and specific fluid and electrolyte needs. Below is an outline of general guidelines:

• General Rehydration: The usual adult dosage for rehydration is 500 ml to 1 liter, administered intravenously, depending on the level of dehydration. The exact volume and rate should be determined by a healthcare provider.
• Shock Management: In cases of shock, the patient may require rapid infusion of 1-2 liters of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to restore blood volume and stabilize circulation. This should be closely monitored by medical professionals.
• For Children: The dosage for children is usually calculated based on body weight, and the volume administered must be tailored to their specific needs. Pediatric patients often require smaller doses and slower infusion rates to prevent fluid overload.
• Electrolyte Imbalances: For correcting electrolyte imbalances, dosages will vary based on the severity of the imbalance. Close monitoring of serum sodium levels is critical.

Infusion rates should not exceed 10-20 ml/kg per hour unless otherwise specified by a physician. Continuous monitoring during administration is recommended to assess the patient's response and prevent complications.

Possible side effects of 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

While 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] is generally well tolerated, there are potential side effects, especially when used improperly or in patients with specific health conditions:

• Electrolyte Imbalances: Prolonged use of sodium chloride may lead to hypernatremia (high sodium levels) and fluid retention. Symptoms include swelling, high blood pressure, and excessive thirst.
• Edema: Overhydration or rapid infusion can result in edema, particularly in patients with kidney, heart, or liver disease. This condition can lead to shortness of breath, weight gain, and swelling in the legs or abdomen.
• Acid-Base Imbalance: Excessive administration of sodium chloride can alter the body’s acid-base balance, potentially leading to metabolic acidosis.
• Infection: If not handled correctly, there is a risk of infection due to contamination of the solution or infusion site.
• Hypersensitivity Reactions: Although rare, some patients may experience allergic reactions, including rash, fever, or difficulty breathing.

Any side effects should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately. Monitoring during infusion helps mitigate these risks.

0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL] Contraindications 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal] has certain contraindications and should be used cautiously or avoided in the following situations:

• Hypernatremia: Patients with high sodium levels in their blood should not receive 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection unless specifically advised by a healthcare professional.
• Renal Failure: Individuals with severe kidney dysfunction may not be able to properly excrete the sodium, leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
• Heart Failure: Patients with congestive heart failure should be monitored closely, as excessive fluid intake may exacerbate symptoms.
• Edematous Conditions: Conditions causing fluid retention (e.g., cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome) may worsen with sodium chloride infusion.

Before administering 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, healthcare providers must assess the patient's history and laboratory results to ensure it is suitable for their condition.

Storage of 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION, USP [MEDISAL]

To ensure the stability and safety of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP [Medisal], proper storage is crucial:

• Storage Temperature: Store the solution at room temperature, between 15°C and 25°C (59°F to 77°F). Do not freeze.
• Protect from Light: Although the product is typically stored in opaque packaging, it should still be kept away from direct light.
• Shelf Life: Check the expiration date on the packaging and ensure the solution is used before this date. Discard any unused solution after the expiration date.
• Handling: The solution should be stored in a clean, dry place. Avoid any exposure to chemicals or contaminants.
• Keep Out of Reach of Children: Always store medications in a place that is not accessible to children to prevent accidental ingestion or misuse.

Ensure that the product is checked for any signs of contamination or damage before use, and only use it if the packaging is intact and the solution is clear.