DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) Injection

What is DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) is an inactivated combination vaccine that provides immunization against two potentially life-threatening bacterial infections: diphtheria and tetanus. It contains:

• Diphtheria Toxoid: 30 IU
• Tetanus Toxoid: 40 IU

This vaccine is formulated specifically for adult use and comes in a 0.5 ml ampoule, with each box containing 2 ampoules. It is administered intramuscularly and is part of both primary and booster immunization schedules to sustain protection against these bacterial diseases.

• Manufacturer: Berna Biotech (part of Crucell/Janssen group)
• Type: Inactivated (toxoid) vaccine
• Form: Injectable suspension
• Use: Prevention of diphtheria and tetanus in adults and adolescents

The vaccine stimulates the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against the toxins released by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Clostridium tetani. While it does not contain live organisms, it effectively trains the immune system to respond swiftly upon exposure.

How to use DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) is administered intramuscularly by trained healthcare professionals. It plays a crucial role in both primary immunization schedules and as a booster for individuals previously vaccinated. Proper technique and timing are essential for ensuring adequate protection.

• Administration route: Intramuscular injection, typically in the deltoid muscle of the upper arm
• Dosage volume: 0.5 ml per injection
• Age group: Adults and adolescents over 7 years of age
• Schedule:
  • Primary series (if unvaccinated): 2–3 doses spaced 4–8 weeks apart
  • Booster: Every 10 years or as indicated during injury
• Post-vaccination monitoring: Patients should be observed for 15–30 minutes after administration for any immediate allergic reactions

The ampoule should be gently shaken to ensure a homogeneous suspension. Only clear to slightly turbid solutions without particulate matter should be used. Avoid intradermal or intravenous administration. Do not mix with other vaccines in the same syringe unless specifically approved.

Mode of Action DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) is administered intramuscularly by trained healthcare professionals. It plays a crucial role in both primary immunization schedules and as a booster for individuals previously vaccinated. Proper technique and timing are essential for ensuring adequate protection.

• Administration route: Intramuscular injection, typically in the deltoid muscle of the upper arm
• Dosage volume: 0.5 ml per injection
• Age group: Adults and adolescents over 7 years of age
• Schedule:
  • Primary series (if unvaccinated): 2–3 doses spaced 4–8 weeks apart
  • Booster: Every 10 years or as indicated during injury
• Post-vaccination monitoring: Patients should be observed for 15–30 minutes after administration for any immediate allergic reactions

The ampoule should be gently shaken to ensure a homogeneous suspension. Only clear to slightly turbid solutions without particulate matter should be used. Avoid intradermal or intravenous administration. Do not mix with other vaccines in the same syringe unless specifically approved.

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) Interactions DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

The ampoule should be gently shaken to ensure a homogeneous suspension. Only clear to slightly turbid solutions without particulate matter should be used. Avoid intradermal or intravenous administration. Do not mix with other vaccines in the same syringe unless specifically approved.

Mode of Action of DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) works by inducing active immunity against diphtheria and tetanus. It contains inactivated (detoxified) forms of the toxins (toxoids) produced by the causative bacteria, which, although non-toxic, retain their ability to stimulate an immune response.

• Diphtheria Toxoid: Stimulates the immune system to produce neutralizing antibodies against diphtheria exotoxin, preventing disease manifestation
• Tetanus Toxoid: Elicits an immune response to generate antitoxins that inhibit the effects of tetanospasmin, the neurotoxin responsible for tetanus symptoms
• Immune memory: Promotes long-term immunity by generating memory B-cells capable of rapid antibody production upon future exposure
• Effectiveness: Highly immunogenic when administered in appropriate doses and intervals

Immunity develops within 2–3 weeks after vaccination and can last for up to 10 years. Boosters are recommended to maintain sufficient protective antibody levels. The vaccine does not treat existing infections; its role is strictly preventative.

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) Interactions

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) may be administered concurrently with other vaccines, but careful assessment of drug and vaccine interactions is essential. No significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions are reported, but immune-modulating therapies can impact its effectiveness.

• Immunosuppressive therapy (e.g., corticosteroids, chemotherapy): May reduce immune response to the vaccine
• Live vaccines: Can be administered at different injection sites if given simultaneously, but live vaccines should be separated by at least 4 weeks if not co-administered
• Antibiotics: No direct interaction, but ongoing infections should be considered before vaccination
• Other toxoid-containing vaccines (e.g., DTP or Td): Cumulative dosing should be avoided within short intervals to prevent hypersensitivity

Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications and supplements they are using. In the case of recent vaccination, documentation should be retained to avoid unnecessary re-vaccination or misdiagnosis of adverse events.

Dosage of DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

The recommended dose of DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) is 0.5 ml per injection, administered intramuscularly. Dosage schedules vary depending on whether the patient is receiving a primary series or a booster dose.

• Primary Immunization (Adults):
  • First dose: Day 0
  • Second dose: 4–8 weeks after the first
  • Third dose (if indicated): 6–12 months after the second
• Booster Dose: A single 0.5 ml dose every 10 years or during post-exposure prophylaxis (e.g., after a dirty wound)
• Catch-up Immunization: Unvaccinated individuals should receive a full 3-dose primary series
• Post-exposure Prophylaxis: In case of tetanus-prone injuries, one booster dose may be administered if more than 5 years have elapsed since last vaccination

Strict adherence to the dosing schedule is vital for optimal and lasting immunity. Under-dosing or missed boosters can result in inadequate protection against diphtheria or tetanus.

Possible side effects of DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

Most individuals tolerate DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) well. However, as with any immunization, side effects can occur. These are generally mild and self-limiting, though rare severe reactions may arise.

• Common Side Effects:
  • Pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site
  • Mild fever
  • Fatigue or malaise
  • Headache or muscle aches
• Uncommon Side Effects:
  • Nausea
  • Chills
  • Dizziness or mild fainting (especially in adolescents)
• Rare but Serious Side Effects:
  • Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis)
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome (extremely rare)
  • Neurological symptoms like seizures (mostly in predisposed individuals)

Most symptoms subside within 24–72 hours. Immediate medical attention is required in the case of allergic reactions or neurological complications.

DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) Contraindications DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

This vaccine is generally safe for most adults; however, certain conditions contraindicate its administration. Vaccination should be deferred or avoided in individuals with specific medical histories or ongoing conditions.

• Known hypersensitivity: History of severe allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine, including formaldehyde or alum
• Previous anaphylaxis: Following a dose of diphtheria or tetanus-containing vaccine
• Acute febrile illness: Delay vaccination until symptoms resolve
• Neurological disorders: Uncontrolled epilepsy or history of Guillain-Barré syndrome following previous vaccinations
• Severe immunodeficiency: While not contraindicated, the immune response may be inadequate

In case of doubt, a risk-benefit evaluation by the healthcare provider is essential. For minor illnesses such as colds or low-grade fever, vaccination may still proceed under supervision.

Storage of DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult)

Proper storage of DI TE ANATOXAL BERNA VACCINE (Adult) is essential to preserve potency and ensure safety upon administration. The vaccine must be kept in a stable cold chain environment.

• Storage temperature: +2°C to +8°C (36°F to 46°F); do not freeze
• Do not expose to: Direct sunlight or heat sources, as this may degrade the toxoids
• Container: Glass ampoules; inspect for cracks or damage before use
• Vial integrity: Discard if ampoule shows cloudiness, particles, or discoloration
• Handling: Use aseptic technique; once opened, use immediately and do not store partially used ampoules

Maintain a reliable cold chain during transportation and storage. Temperature logs should be maintained for vaccine inventories, especially in clinical and pharmacy settings.