DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. Infusion/Solution for

What is DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. is a sterile, non-pyrogenic intravenous solution containing 40% dextrose (glucose) in water. It is designed for medical use in treating conditions that require rapid correction of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) or providing a concentrated energy source when oral or enteral feeding is not possible.

• Generic Name: Dextrose 40% w/v
• Form: Infusion Solution (for IV use)
• Size: 500ml Plastic Bottle
• Main Uses:
  • Management of severe hypoglycemia
  • High-caloric supplementation during parenteral nutrition
  • Supportive treatment in cases of insulin overdose

Due to its high concentration, DE DEXTROSE 40% must be administered carefully to avoid metabolic complications such as hyperglycemia or fluid shifts.

How to use DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. should only be administered by trained healthcare professionals under strict medical supervision.

• Route of Administration: Intravenous (IV) use only; typically administered via a central line due to hypertonicity.
• Administration Tips:
  • Inspect the solution visually for particulate matter or discoloration before use.
  • Use aseptic techniques to prevent infections.
  • Administer slowly to avoid osmotic diuresis and hyperglycemia.
• Monitoring:
  • Frequent blood glucose checks are essential.
  • Monitor fluid balance and electrolyte levels.
• Special Precautions:
  • Use a controlled infusion pump when necessary to regulate the rate.
  • Do not mix with blood products or incompatible drugs in the same line.

Rapid administration should be reserved only for emergencies such as severe hypoglycemic episodes, otherwise infusion should be slow and controlled.

Mode of Action DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. acts by directly supplying glucose to the bloodstream, which is immediately available for cellular metabolism:

• Rapid Energy Source: Dextrose serves as an instant energy substrate for all body cells, especially the brain, heart, and muscles.
• Correction of Hypoglycemia: Provides rapid normalization of blood glucose levels, crucial for preventing neurological damage during severe hypoglycemia.
• Fluid and Osmotic Effects: Being a hypertonic solution, it can temporarily increase vascular volume by drawing water from intracellular and interstitial spaces into the bloodstream.
• Metabolic Support: Supports anabolic processes and healing in critically ill or postoperative patients by providing necessary calories when oral intake is insufficient.

Thus, DE DEXTROSE 40% is indispensable in emergencies and specialized nutritional therapy, helping restore metabolic balance quickly and effectively.

DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. Interactions DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. can interact with various medications and clinical treatments, necessitating careful monitoring:

• Insulin: Co-administration may require dose adjustments to prevent severe hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.
• Diuretics: May influence blood sugar and electrolyte balance, requiring monitoring of potassium and sodium levels.
• Corticosteroids: Increase blood sugar levels, potentially counteracting the hypoglycemic correction by dextrose.
• Electrolyte Solutions: Mixing without proper compatibility checks can cause precipitation or solution instability.
• Blood Products: Mixing with blood in the same infusion set can cause hemolysis and should be avoided.

Close clinical observation and laboratory monitoring are essential when DE DEXTROSE 40% is used alongside other therapies to avoid serious adverse interactions.

Dosage of DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

The dosage of DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. must be individualized based on patient needs, clinical conditions, and blood glucose monitoring results:

• Adults:
  • In acute hypoglycemia, a bolus of 20–50ml may be administered over several minutes.
  • Followed by continuous infusion if needed to maintain glucose levels.
• Children:
  • Dosage must be weight-based and infused more slowly to prevent rebound hyperglycemia and fluid overload.
• Maintenance or Nutritional Supplement:
  • Infused at a slow, continuous rate based on caloric needs and tolerance.

Adjustments should be made depending on ongoing glucose measurements, patient metabolism, and the presence of comorbidities like renal or hepatic dysfunction.

Possible side effects of DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

While DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. is highly effective, it carries potential side effects, especially if improperly administered:

• Common Side Effects:
  • Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
  • Local infusion site reactions such as phlebitis or pain
  • Osmotic diuresis leading to dehydration
• Serious Side Effects:
  • Pulmonary edema due to fluid overload
  • Electrolyte disturbances, such as hypokalemia
  • Thrombophlebitis at the injection site
• Rare Side Effects:
  • Hypersensitivity reactions (extremely rare)

Careful monitoring during infusion can significantly reduce the risk of side effects and ensure patient safety.

DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. Contraindications DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. should not be used in certain medical conditions where it may cause harm:

• Severe Hyperglycemia: Risk of worsening the condition.
• Fluid Overload States: Including congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema.
• Severe Dehydration with Electrolyte Deficits: Risk of worsened electrolyte imbalance.
• Intracranial or Intraspinal Hemorrhage: Elevated glucose can worsen neurologic outcomes.
• Anuric Renal Failure: Risk of fluid accumulation and overload without dialysis.

Appropriate patient evaluation is crucial to prevent potential adverse outcomes from therapy with DE DEXTROSE 40%.

Storage of DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P.

Maintaining proper storage conditions for DE DEXTROSE 40% w/v B.P. is critical for safety and effectiveness:

• Temperature: Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
• Protection: Keep away from freezing; protect from excessive heat and direct light exposure.
• Solution Integrity: Inspect before use. Discard if the solution is cloudy, discolored, or contains particulate matter.
• Container Integrity: Do not use if the bottle is leaking or damaged.
• Post-Opening Use: Use immediately after opening. Any unused solution must be discarded to maintain sterility.

Proper storage ensures that the dextrose solution remains sterile, stable, and ready for safe infusion.