PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g Injection/Powder for

What is PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1g is a sterile powder for injection containing Cefazolin sodium, a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections caused by susceptible gram-positive and some gram-negative organisms. Supplied in glass vials, each containing 1 gram of cefazolin, this medication is reconstituted and administered via intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injection under medical supervision.

• Generic name: Cefazolin sodium
• Form: Powder for Injection
• Pack size: 25 Glass Vials (1g per vial)
• Classification: First-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
• Use: Effective against respiratory tract infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, bone and joint infections, and for surgical prophylaxis

PAN-CEFAZOLINE is often selected for its high safety profile and potent activity against staphylococcal and streptococcal species. It is not effective against infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or certain gram-negative organisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

How to use PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

PAN-CEFAZOLINE should be administered only by healthcare professionals experienced in injectable antibiotic therapy. The powder must be properly reconstituted and diluted before use.

• Reconstitution: Add appropriate sterile diluent (e.g., sterile water for injection or 0.9% sodium chloride solution) to dissolve the powder.
• Administration routes: Intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) injection or infusion, depending on the indication and patient status.
• Intravenous injection: Reconstituted solution should be administered slowly over 3 to 5 minutes.
• Intravenous infusion: The reconstituted solution should be further diluted and administered over 30 minutes.
• Intramuscular injection: Administer deep into a large muscle mass (e.g., gluteus) to reduce discomfort.

It is essential to ensure full dosage completion even if symptoms improve early. Skipping doses or discontinuing early can lead to antibiotic resistance or infection recurrence.

Before administration, always inspect the solution for particulate matter or discoloration. Discard if abnormalities are observed.

Mode of Action PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

As a first-generation cephalosporin, PAN-CEFAZOLINE acts primarily by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial lysis and death. It exhibits bactericidal activity, meaning it actively kills susceptible bacteria.

• Targets penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs): Cefazolin binds to PBPs located inside the bacterial cell wall, which are critical for synthesizing peptidoglycan layers.
• Prevents peptidoglycan cross-linking: Inhibits the final transpeptidation step, weakening the cell wall structure.
• Causes osmotic imbalance: The weakened wall cannot withstand osmotic pressure, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.

Cefazolin exhibits its strongest activity against gram-positive cocci such as Staphylococcus aureus (excluding MRSA) and Streptococcus species. It also has modest activity against some gram-negative organisms, including E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

This mechanism is time-dependent; effectiveness relies on maintaining adequate drug levels above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a sufficient duration.

PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g Interactions PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

Although cefazolin has limited systemic interactions compared to many drugs, there are several important considerations for safe co-administration:

• Probenecid: May increase cefazolin blood levels by inhibiting renal tubular secretion, potentially enhancing both efficacy and toxicity.
• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): Cefazolin may increase the anticoagulant effect due to reduced vitamin K-producing gut flora, increasing bleeding risk.
• Aminoglycosides: Concurrent use increases the risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor renal function closely when used together.
• Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide): May enhance nephrotoxic effects, especially in elderly or renally impaired patients.
• Live vaccines (e.g., typhoid vaccine): Antibiotic use can reduce the effectiveness of live bacterial vaccines by interfering with replication.

To avoid harmful interactions, inform your healthcare provider about all ongoing treatments, including over-the-counter medications, herbal supplements, and recent vaccinations.

Dosage of PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

Dosage must be individualized based on the type and severity of infection, the patient’s renal function, and overall clinical condition. Below are typical dosage guidelines:

• Adults (normal renal function):
  • Usual dose: 500 mg to 1 g every 6 to 8 hours
  • Severe infections: Up to 6 g/day in divided doses
• Prophylaxis (surgery):
  • 1 g IV 30 to 60 minutes before incision, may be repeated intraoperatively for prolonged surgeries
• Children: 25–50 mg/kg/day divided every 8 hours; up to 100 mg/kg/day for serious infections
• Renal impairment: Dose must be adjusted based on creatinine clearance

Always complete the full course of antibiotics even if symptoms resolve early. Inappropriate or early discontinuation can result in bacterial resistance or infection relapse.

Possible side effects of PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

Most patients tolerate cefazolin well, but some may experience adverse effects. These are generally mild and reversible but can be serious in rare cases.

• Common side effects:
  • Injection site pain or swelling
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Rash or skin irritation
• Less common side effects:
  • Dizziness or headache
  • Allergic reactions like hives or itching
  • Superinfection, including oral thrush or vaginal yeast infection
• Serious side effects (seek immediate attention):
  • Anaphylaxis or severe allergic reaction
  • Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (persistent, severe diarrhea)
  • Renal impairment, especially with high doses or nephrotoxic co-medications

Report any unusual symptoms or reactions to your healthcare provider promptly, especially after the first few doses.

PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g Contraindications PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

Cefazolin is contraindicated in individuals with certain health conditions or known allergies. Use should be avoided in the following situations:

• Known hypersensitivity: Allergy to cefazolin, other cephalosporins, or beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin.
• History of severe anaphylaxis: In patients with prior life-threatening allergic reactions to beta-lactams, alternative antibiotics should be considered.
• Premature neonates: Safety and efficacy have not been established in this population.
• Renal failure (severe): Without dose adjustment or monitoring, risk of accumulation and toxicity increases.

Caution should be exercised in patients with gastrointestinal disease (e.g., colitis), a history of seizures, or concurrent nephrotoxic therapy. A full clinical evaluation is necessary before initiating therapy.

Storage of PAN-CEFAZOLINE 1 g

Proper storage of PAN-CEFAZOLINE helps maintain its potency and safety until the time of use.

• Store vials at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C–30°C (59°F–86°F).
• Protect from moisture and excessive heat.
• Do not freeze the dry powder.
• Once reconstituted:
  • Use immediately or store the solution in a refrigerator (2°C to 8°C or 36°F to 46°F) for up to 24 hours.
  • Do not use if the solution becomes cloudy, discolored, or contains particles.
• Keep out of reach of children and store in a secure area.
• Do not use past the expiration date indicated on the vial label and outer packaging.

Proper handling, reconstitution, and disposal procedures should be followed in accordance with hospital or clinical standards.